原位法制备氧化石墨烯改性丙烯酸树脂乳液及其改性机理的研究

Leather finishing is a very important section in the tanning process. As one kind of the important finishing film-forming materials, acrylic resin is widely used in the leather finishing process. Acrylic resin has many advantages, such as good film formability, good adhesion, etc. However, the disadvantages that the acrylic resins become sticky when heated and fragile when cooled and the poor solvent resistance limit their application. In this project, by using its nanometer effect of reinforcing and toughening, graphene oxide will be used to modify acrylic resin finishing agent to prepare graphene oxide/acrylic resin nanocomposite emulsion with excellent mechanical properties, good heat resistance, and good anti-aging properties.The main research contents of this project include:(1)the preparation of graphene oxide,(2)the preparation of functional graphene oxide,(3)study on the preparation of graphene oxide/acrylic resin nanocomposite emulsion by using in-situ emulsion polymerization method and its modification mechanism.In this project, acrylic resin finishing agent modified by graphene oxide will be researched deeply,their theories will be clarified, the research of this project will afford the theory basis for the industrialization and modification of leather finishing agents.

皮革涂饰在制革过程中是一个非常重要的工段。丙烯酸树脂涂饰剂作为涂饰成膜材料中重要的一类，被广泛地应用于皮革的涂饰过程中。丙烯酸树脂具有很多优点，如良好的成膜性、粘结性等，但是，丙烯酸树脂热粘冷脆、耐溶剂性差的缺点对其应用有一定限制。本项目采用氧化石墨烯改性丙烯酸树脂涂饰剂，利用氧化石墨烯增强增韧的纳米效应，制备力学性能、耐热性、耐老化等性能优良的氧化石墨烯/丙烯酸树脂纳米复合乳液，主要研究内容包括：（1）氧化石墨烯的制备，（2）功能化氧化石墨烯的制备，（3）原位乳液聚合法制备氧化石墨烯/丙烯酸树脂纳米复合乳液及其改性机理的研究。本项目对氧化石墨烯改性丙烯酸树脂涂饰剂进行深入的实验研究和理论阐明，将会为皮革涂饰剂的改性及工业化应用提供理论依据。

采用改进的Hummers法和超声分散制备了氧化石墨烯，研究了超声时间和超声功率对氧化石墨烯形貌的影响，确定了氧化石墨烯的超声制备条件；采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氧化石墨烯/SiO2纳米复合粒子，再用硅烷偶联剂（KH570）对其进行改性，得到了功能化氧化石墨烯；采用原位乳液聚合法制备了氧化石墨烯/丙烯酸树脂复合乳液，探讨了氧化石墨烯用量、引发剂用量、以及乳化剂用量对乳液及膜性能的影响，获得了氧化石墨烯原位改性丙烯酸树脂乳液的最佳制备工艺，并研究了其原位改性机理。将丙烯酸树脂和氧化石墨烯/丙烯酸树脂复合乳液用于皮革涂饰，研究了氧化石墨烯对涂饰后革样力学性能、透气透水汽性能、耐干湿擦性能的影响。与丙烯酸树脂涂饰剂涂饰革样相比，氧化石墨烯改性丙烯酸树脂涂饰剂革样的抗张强度增加了5.2%、规定负荷伸长率增加了3.9%，透气性增加了3.8%，透水汽性增加了19.3%，耐干、湿擦牢度分别达到4-5级、4级。本项目的研究扩展了皮革用涂饰剂的种类，并为生产实践提供科学依据。