聚苯胺及其衍生物手性特征的研究

Chiral polyaniline and its derivatives become candidates to mimic the exceptional behavior of biological polymers due to special chemical and physical properties. The project aims at deep and roundly studying the chiral characteristic of polyaniline and its derivatives. We will divide and control the nucleation and growth of polyaniline and its derivatives, and regulate reaction parameters at the different stages of nucleation and growth of polymers. Then, we will investigate the chemical and physical properties of products, and study the effect of acid doping and dedoping, solvents on the morphology and chirality of products. The formation mechanism of asymmetric polymer chains will be conclusively estimated at the key stage in the nucleation and growth of polymers, to reveal the chiral essence. In addition, we will select and prepare three functional materials as probes, such as noble metal nanoparticles, biological enzymes and graphene nanoribbons, modify and regulate their surface properties, and optimize the interactions between different probes and chiral polymers, then investigate the change rule of chirality of asymmetric polymer chains under probes acting. Finally, the chain structure and chiral characteristic of polyaniline and its derivatives will be further realized in the round. The success of the project will facilitate chiral polyaniline further development and extensive applications, and lay the foundation of mimicking biological polymers.

手性聚苯胺及其衍生物由于自身特殊的化学物理性质成为模拟生物聚合物特殊行为的潜在研究对象。本项目旨在更深入、更全面地研究聚苯胺及其衍生物的手性特征，细化控制聚苯胺及其衍生物成核生长过程，调控聚合物成核生长的每个阶段不同的反应参数，考察各种产物化学物理性质，研究酸掺杂与脱掺杂、溶剂效应对产物形貌和光学性质的影响，综合判断不对称链在聚合物成核生长过程中关键阶段的形成规律，揭示聚合物的手性归属；选用和制备三种功能材料作为探针，如贵金属纳米颗粒、生物酶和石墨烯纳米带，修饰改性其表面特征，优化各种探针与手性聚合物之间的相互作用，研究不对称链在探针作用下的变化规律，更全面了解聚苯胺及其衍生物的链结构和手性特征。本项目的成功实施将会促进手性聚苯胺的迅速发展和广泛应用，为生物聚合物的模拟奠定基础。

在国家自然科学基金青年项目“聚苯胺及其衍生物手性特征的研究”的支持下，项目组以聚苯胺及其衍生物以及探针材料为研究对象，探索了不对称链在聚合物成核生长过程中的形成规律，揭示了聚苯胺及其衍生物亲水和疏水微区结构扮演的重要角色，制备了过渡金属纳米颗粒和低氧石墨烯，研究了这些探针材料与聚苯胺及其衍生物之间的相互作用，初步了解了聚苯胺及其衍生物的链结构和手性特征，拓展了聚苯胺及其衍生物和探针材料的新特性及其应用领域。通过3年的努力，项目组在实施本项目过程中取得了阶段性的研究成果，同时培养了1名博士研究生和1名硕士研究生，在国际刊物上发表了与本项目相关的论文7篇，申请专利1项。本项目取得的研究成果为研究聚苯胺和石墨烯材料的性质及其应用提供了一定的理论支持和实际指导。