资源与环境双重约束下的产业用水效率研究

The double constraints of resources and the environment are usually neglected by many traditional researches about industrial water use efficiency, which lead to inconsistency among water saving, pollution control and industrial development. The research object of this subject is the water use efficiency of the industry and agriculture, and it focuses on the relationship and the degree of harmonies between the industrial development and use water in order to reveal the general laws. In this study, evaluation models with multi constraints and parallel structure will be built, incorporating double constraints and regional heterogeneity of the industrial development and technology. A multi-object constrained program to measure industrial water use efficiency is developed by our research team. In this study, the water use efficiency scores of provincial industries, sub-industries, regional agriculture and some crops are evaluated, and their main influential factors are also investigated. We explore the effect degree of the present prices of water resource, and compare them with the virtual marketable prices. In the end, this study explores the experiences of the present system of water resource allocation and the feasibility of improving the form mechanism of water resource through the macro and micro case study. This subject aims to provide some practical values and policy references in order to accelerate the coordinated development among the industrial development, water conservation and pollution control.

传统上对产业用水效率的研究通常忽略了资源和环境两大条件的约束，造成了节水、治污与产业发展始终不能协调运行。本项目以工农业水资源利用效率为研究对象，紧扣产业发展与产业用水之间的关系，研究两者的协调性程度，揭示区域工农业发展与节水、治水之间的一般规律；以水资源和水环境污染为两大约束条件，纳入地区产业发展与技术异质性，构建具有多重约束特征平行结构的水资源利用效率评价模型体系，开发具有多目标约束的"产业水资源利用效率测算系统"；系统估计区域工业及细分行业、地区农业及农业作物的用水效率，考察用水效率差异的影响机制，研究现行水资源价格的影响程度，估计"真实"市场水价；最后通过宏微观案例研究，探究改革现行水资源配置制度的经验和完善水价形成体系的可行性，为促进产业增长与节水、治水协调发展提供重要的实践价值与政策借鉴。

传统上对产业用水效率的研究通常忽略了资源和环境两大条件的约束，造成了节水、治污与产业发展始终不能协调运行。本研究以丰富的产业数据资料为基础，首先研究了产业发展与产业用水之间的关系，研究两者的协调性程度，揭示了区域工农业发展与节水、治水之间的一般规律。纳入水资源和水环境污染两大约束性条件，构建了多重约束的产业水资源利用效率方法体系。系统估计了区域产业及工农业部门的用水效率，考察了区域及行业用水效率的差异及现实特征，考察了用水效率差异的决定因素以及用水价格及影子价格的作用。最后通过国内外节水及减排方面的经验，以及实地的调研探究了改革现行水资源配置制度的经验和完善水价形成体系的可行性，为促进产业增长与节水、治水协调发展提供重要的实践价值与政策借鉴。