时空耦合动态特征下铁路站场BIM超图语义本体建模与一致性推理方法

As a key node in the railway construction, railway station is relevant to multiple majors and miscellaneous facilities. From macro to micro, associated and coupling space-time relations (ACSTRs) exist in the railway station BIM and dynamically change and develop in its life-cycle, which form the fundamental features of railway station BIM. There are two major problems in current railway station BIM research: how to fully and accurately describe these fundamental features and how to keep the space-time consistency in the dynamically changing process (from the construction to the operating). This study focus on these fundamental features and try to solve above two problems based on ontology modeling theory and method. All the concepts in railway station BIM are extracted by deeply analyzing its ACSTRs. A hyper-graph semantic model is proposed to describe the ACSTRs fully. Based on the hyper-graph semantic model, complete ontology for railway station is modeled. Aiming to the dynamic and evolutionary ACSTRs, space-time consistency reasoning rulers and reasoning engine are constructed to realize the real-time checking of space-time consistency. Furthermore, the ontology updating strategy and the algorithm for minimum influence are proposed. Benefit from above works, the consistency and coordination of railway station BIM can be maintained in dynamic environment. This research try to fundamentally solve the problem on railway station BIM modeling and application by combining hyper-graph semantic model and ontology theory. The achievements will provide theoretical supports for railway station BIM research and standard establishment.

铁路站场作为铁路建设中承上启下的关键节点，涉及的专业与设备庞杂，站场BIM从宏观到微观各个层面具有时空关联耦合且动态拓展的根本特征。如何全面准确刻画这一根本特征，并在动态变化的站场建造与运维过程中保持时空协调一致是当前站场BIM研究面临的主要问题。本项目以站场时空关联耦合及其动态拓展的根本特征为切入点，应用本体建模理论与方法，系统解析站场BIM的时空关联耦合关系，抽象出所有概念，针对时空关联关系的多维耦合性，提出超图语义模型对其进行科学全面地刻画，从而建立完备的站场BIM超图语义本体模型；针对时空关联关系的动态拓展性，构建站场BIM时空一致性推理规则和推理机，实现时空一致性实时检测，并建立基于最小影响域分析的本体更新机制，保证动态环境下站场BIM的协调性和一致性。本课题将超图语义模型与本体理论相结合，力图从根本上破解站场BIM的建模与应用难题，为站场BIM的研究及标准制定提供基础理论支撑。

铁路站场作为铁路建设中承上启下的关键节点，涉及的专业与设备庞杂，从宏观到微观各个层面具有时空关联耦合且动态拓展的根本特征。如何全面准确刻画这一根本特征，并在动态变化中保持时空协调一致是当前铁路站场BIM研究面临的瓶颈问题。本项目针对铁路站场高维动态耦合关系的建模与一致性维护方法开展了深入研究：（1）从宏观到微观系统分析提炼出了站场与相关专业之间，站场内各设备平-纵-横之间的复杂关联耦合关系；（2）提出了铁路站场本体建模方法对其进行刻画；（3）采用推理机对本体进行一致性检测，发现隐藏的逻辑矛盾，约减规则，完善本体模型；（4）构建了站场超图语义模型将基于本体的二维关系刻画提升到高维表征，并提出了基于超图语义的站场时空一致性维护方法，在站场设计过程中，动态维护站场中的各类关联耦合关系，更新关联设备；（5）针对站场BIM中最复杂的路基体模型，提出了基于广义六面体的路基体建模方法，融合路基体的各类属性信息，自动生成站场路基BIM模型，并定义了路基体IFC标准，实现与其它BIM软件无缝衔接；（6）与站前专业协同方面，提出站场-线路-桥梁-隧道-环境协同智能优化方法；研究了耦合约束条件下铁路站场总体布置图自动生成方法，无缝衔接通信、信号、行车等站后专业；（7）基于本研究提出的理论和方法，开发了“铁路站场数字化设计系统”，已在中体一院全面推广应用，完成上百个站场设计。项目执行期间毕业硕士研究生10名；发表科技论文15篇，其中SCI检索6篇，EI检索3篇，CSCD检索6篇，会议论文3篇，均被ISTP检索。本项目的成果可为铁路站场的BIM标准制定、建模及在全生命周期的应用提供理论基础与技术支持。