金属离子络合的侧链结晶共聚物NanoPCMs的制备及其过冷结晶抑制研究

The research of phase change materials (PCMs) is attracting much attentionin in the field of intelligent thermal regulation and efficient utilization of energy, therefore, the multi-functional nanoencapsulated PCMs (NanoPCMs) has significant value in both theory and application. Based on the existing problems of NanoPCMs, such as higher supercooling degree of core, poor thermal conductivity of polymer shell, we are going to select n-alkane and n-alcohol with suitable phase change temperature as core, respectively, and make two main functional modifications on polymer shell of NanoPCMs: 1. We plan to study the arrangement and crystallization behavior of side-chain n-alkyl inside the comblike crystalline copolymer shell, and also discuss its effects on the phase change of PCMs core as heterogeneous nucleation agent, respectively. Thus, the supercooling crystallization of n-alkane and n-alcohol in confined submicron spatial would be improved effectively. 2. Distributed coordination control of metal ion receptor group existing in the NanoPCMs shell, as well as the structure-activity relationship of the metal-ion complexes structure will be investigated and optimized. Based on the above research, efficient procedures can be provided to enhance the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of shell, reduce the influence of supercooling crystallization of submicron core. The aim of our project is to synthesize high-performance NanoPCMs, exhibiting the well-integrated of low degree of supercooling, superior mechanical properties, high energy-storage density and thermal conductivity.

相变储能材料在智能调温和能源有效利用方面的研究正受到极大关注，体现复合功能特性的相变储能材料纳胶囊（NanoPCMs）具有重要的理论和应用价值。针对现有NanoPCMs囊芯过冷结晶度过大，聚合物囊壁导热性差等问题，本项目拟选择合适相变温度的正构烷烃和正构醇类相变储能材料分别做为芯材，主要对NanoPCMs囊壁进行两方面的功能化修饰研究：1.研究梳状正烷基在侧链结晶共聚物囊壁内的排布与结晶行为，及其作为异相成核剂对相变储能材料囊芯相转变的影响，以有效改善相变储能材料囊芯在亚微米受限空间内的过冷结晶行为；2. 调控金属离子配体基团在NanoPCMs囊壁上的分布参数，研究并优化金属离子配位络合结构的构效关系，以提升囊壁导热性和力学性能, 降低亚微米级囊芯的过冷结晶影响。本项目旨在获得高性能NanoPCMs，突出低过冷度，优良力学性能，高储能密度和良好导热性的集成化。

本项目详细研究了以相变温度接近人体舒适温度的正十八烷和正十二醇为囊芯的微纳胶囊，并对微纳囊壁进行了两方面的修饰。首先，研究了不同长度的梳状正烷基在共聚物囊壁内的排布与结晶行为，及其作为异相成核剂对相变储能材料囊芯相转变的影响，较有效地改善了相变储能材料囊芯在亚微米受限空间内的过冷结晶行为。其次，通过调控金属离子配体基团在微纳胶囊囊壁上的分布，研究并优化了金属离子配位络合结构对提升囊壁导热性和力学性能, 降低亚微米级囊芯的过冷结晶影响。此外，我们还探索了聚苯胺对囊芯过冷结晶的影响。为了节能减排与提高效率，我们尝试了相反转乳化技术，并开发了一种紫外光引发快速制备相变储能材料聚氨酯微纳胶囊。课题的开展对研制获得具有低过冷度、高储能密度、力学性能优良的相变储能材料微纳胶囊提供了较完善的理论基础和实验探索。基于本项目的研究成果，我们在Engery，Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Colloid & Polymer Science, Textile Research Journal等期刊上发表SCI论文16篇（其中1区论文3篇，2区论文6篇），发表EI论文3篇；申请发明专利10项，获得授权3项。参加国际会议1次，共培养博士研究生1名，硕士研究生4名，本科生8名。