高地应力硬岩钻孔诱导卸荷与多截齿协同破岩机理

The invalid non explosive tunneling under high geostresses is the difficult problem of mines'deep mining and driving project,research on the new method of theoretical and experimental for unloading the hard rock under high geostresses induced by drilling and breaking rock in coordination by combination of multiple cutting tooth,both are the emergent basic work for the driving of deep mine.The project use the method through the combination of similarity simulation experiment,elastic-plastic theory of rock,FLAC 3D numerical simulation and comprehensive analysis,determine the process of strength deterioration and stress transfer during unloading the rock by drilling，relationship among the drilling form for unloading and the intensity target of rock is formulated,analyze the quantitative relationship between the parameter of strength of rock and cutting force,determine the stress distribution law of rock cutting ,build a theoretical model of cutting force;build deterioration of rock strength-cutting force-cutting energy consumption mathematical model by analyzing the influence regularity of transversals spacing，cutting thickness and the angle of cutting tooth on energy consumption;research on the combination of the best deterioration of rock strength with transversals spacing，cutting thickness and the angle of cutting tooth,propose the numerical calculation method for leading to relieve rock strength and breaking rock in coordination by combination of multiple cutting tooth,clarify the mechanism and evolutionary law for unloading induced by drilling and breaking rock in coordination by combination of multiple cutting tooth.The research has important theoretical significance and broad application prospects on drilling technology for hard rock under high geostresses and prevention for rock burst.

高地应力硬岩非爆式掘进失效是深部矿山开采掘进工程中的难题，研究硬岩钻孔诱导卸荷与多截齿协同破岩理论和实验的新方法，是深部矿山掘进亟需开展的基础性工作。项目采用相似模拟实验、岩石弹塑性理论、FLAC3D数值模拟和综合分析相结合的方法，测定硬岩钻孔卸荷过程中的强度劣化和应力转移，建立卸荷钻孔形式与岩石强度指标的关系式，分析岩石强度参数和截割力定量关系，确定截齿截割岩石的应力分布规律，建立截齿截割力的理论模型；分析截线间距、截割厚度、截齿角度对能耗影响规律，建立岩石强度劣化-截割力-截割能耗耦合的数学模型；提出诱导岩石应力释放与截齿截割协同破岩的数值计算方法,研究最佳岩石强度劣化与截线间距、截割厚度、截齿角度的组合，阐明钻孔诱导卸荷与多截齿协同破岩机理与演化规律，在高地应力硬岩掘进技术及岩爆灾害防治等方面具有重要的理论意义和广阔的应用前景。

项目针对岩石巷道掘进过程中，普遍存在掘进速度慢、截齿磨损严重、截割能耗高等问题，开展诱导卸荷理论与多截齿协同破岩的基础研究，分析了硬岩钻孔诱导卸荷过程中的强度劣化和应力转移规律，建立了卸荷钻孔形式与岩石强度指标的关系式，分析了岩石强度参数和截割力的定量关系，确定了截齿截割岩石的应力分析规律，提出了诱导卸荷岩石应力释放与截齿协同破岩数值计算方法，揭示了钻孔诱导卸荷与多截齿协同破岩机理，并在此基础上发明了集中截齿布置等截割部、截齿焊接精准定位与自动化系统装备，项目研究成果在高地应力硬岩掘进技术及岩爆灾害防治等方面具有重要理论意义和应用前景。