带伴随α粒子探测器中子管高效率小靶点束流聚焦方法研究

Neutron tube with associated alpha particle detector is one of the core equipments of associated-particle neutron-time-of-flight interrogation technique. This kind of neutron source is needed urgently in the nondestructive testing of the nuclear material, explosive substance and drug, so that it is of great significance for the areas of nuclear disarmament supervision, national defense, national security and national defense construction. In the domestic research on this kind of neuron tube, however, high efficiency small target spot cannot be realized. In this project, the computer simulation technology is used to design a system of three-electrode Pierce electrode extracting beam with focusing function; through the research of high voltage ion source levitation control and real-time supervision of target, and with the usage of the vacuum experimental platform, the research of target grounding penning ion source neutron tube small target spot control technology is conducted. On the basis of these researches, we will get a set of theory design methods and testing methods about the beam focusing technique for realizing the small target spot in neutron tube with associated alpha particle detector, and realize the objective of 2 mm diameter of the target. The research achievement can resolve one of the key technique problems in the development of neutron tube with associated alpha particle detector. This achievement can improve the function of ion source which will satisfy the domestic research of neutron source with associated alpha particle in the future. The process of the research can provide an important reference value for other kinds of advanced neutron tube research in the theory design and testing methods, and this will push forward the development of domestic sealed neutron tube research.

带伴随α粒子探测器中子管是伴随粒子中子检测技术的核心设备，是国内核材料识别、核武器部件检测以及爆炸物检测研究中急需的高性能中子源，在核裁军监督、国土安全、国防建设领域具有重要应用。针对国内此类中子管研究中，高效率小靶点始终无法实现的问题，本课题提出采用带有聚焦功能的三电极皮尔斯引出加速电极系统开展小靶点束流聚焦方法研究。课题将利用计算机辅助分析技术开展电极的理论研究和设计，通过研究离子源高电压悬浮控制方法和靶点实时监测方法，结合真空实验平台开展束流聚焦实验。最终掌握一套小靶点束流精确控制的理论设计方法和实验测试方法，实现靶点直径2mm的技术目标。课题成果将解决带伴随α粒子探测器中子管研制中的一项关键技术，为国内伴随粒子中子检测技术研究提供关键性的技术支持。另外，课题研究过程对其它类型先进中子管研究的理论设计和实验具有借鉴价值，将推动我国密封中子管研究技术的发展。

带伴随α粒子探测器中子管是伴随粒子中子检测技术的核心设备，是国内核材料识别、核武器部件检测以及爆炸物检测研究中急需的高性能中子源，在核裁军监督、国土安全、国防建设领域具有重要应用。本课题中针对伴随粒子中子管小靶点高效率聚焦这个关键技术问题，结合潘宁离子源特点对2种聚焦电极结构进行了计算机软件模拟，搭建了一套正高压离子源悬浮供电的真空实验系统，实现二电极结构的3mm小靶点高效率聚焦实验，掌握了一套离子源悬浮控制的中子管真空实验方法；课题中发表了2篇EI论文，培养硕士研究生和博硕研究生共5名。课题研究成果为后续伴随粒子中子管的样机研发奠定了理论和实验基础，同时为其它类型密封中子管的设计和高效率实验提供了支持。课题研究过程中，利用课题实验平台开展了小直径测井中子管、工业应用高产额中子管及中子发生器的研究工作，相关研究的工程样机应用于国内多个领域的中子应用技术中。