Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a new gaseous signaling molecule, and its biological function in delaying fruit ripening and senescence has widely attracted scientist’s concerns. Recently, we found that, H2S’s role in regulating fruit ripening and senescence process is associated with its modification of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) through S-sulfhydration and the resulted antioxidant defenses. However, the related modification patterns and ways of regulation are still unclear. The project will work on tomato fruit which is a model in the research of fruit ripening, and carry out the following researches. The physiological functions of H2S as an antioxidant factor in delaying tomato fruit ripening and senescence will be examined; the S-sulfhydration pattern of H2S signal on tomato APX will be clarified; the real-time change of H2S and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal and the real-time subcellular localization of S-sulfhydrated APX in tomato fruit will be monitored; tomato mutants with APX gene silenced, APX and APX S-sulfhydration sites mutated gene overexpression will be constructed, and the difference of the biological functions among the mutants will be compared; Besides, universality of H2S signal induced S-sulfhydration in tomato ripening and senescence process will be examined; thereby generally revealing the contribution level and physiological significance of H2S signal induced S-sulfhydration on APX in delaying fruit ripening and senescence. This project will explore the new mechanism of H2S signal in S-sulfhydrating target proteins, and will also provide a new theoretical basis for the mechanism research of fruit ripening and senescence and production practices.
硫化氢(H2S)是一种新型的气体信号分子,其延迟果实成熟衰老进程的生物学功能,已引起了该领域的广泛关注。最近我们发现,H2S调节果实的成熟与衰老进程,与其特异性S-巯基化修饰抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX),启动抗氧化防护有关。然而,相关的修饰模式及调节方式,尚不清楚。本项目拟以番茄为实验材料,考查H2S作为抗氧化因子延缓番茄果实成熟衰老的生理功效;鉴定受H2S激活的APX被S-巯基化修饰的位点,分析修饰前后APX空间结构差异,阐明H2S对APX特异性S-巯基化修饰的作用模式;实时监测H2S与活性氧信号的消长规律和S-巯基化修饰的APX的亚细胞定位及时序变化;构建APX基因沉默、APX及修饰位点突变的APX基因过表达番茄突变体,并鉴定其生物学差异;考察H2S信号的S-巯基化修饰在番茄成熟衰老进程中的普遍性,整体上揭示H2S信号通过S-巯基化修饰APX对延缓果实成熟衰老进程的贡献与生理意义。
硫化氢(H2S)是植物成熟衰老的内源调控因子,然而H2S通过何种途径激活植物的抗氧化系统,尚不清楚。本项目主要以番茄为研究对象,主要研究目标为阐明H2S对番茄果实中APX特异性S-巯基化修饰的作用模式,明确H2S信号及S-巯基化修饰APX和果实成熟衰老之间的逻辑关系。项目按照研究计划执行,完成了预期目标,主要研究内容和结果如下:①验证了气体分子H2S延缓番茄果实成熟衰老进程的生物学效应与其参与果实体内的抗氧化代谢有关,其中对抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的调控在这一过程中发挥关键作用。②APX1基因沉默导致果实提前启动成熟,通过构建APX1的原核表达载体,利用Modified Biotin-switch技术结合质谱鉴定,发现外源H2S可以巯基化修饰APX1的第32位Cys,进而解析了H2S对番茄果实中APX1的S-巯基化修饰的作用模式。③利用Crispr/Cas9技术,构建了番茄内源H2S生成酶SlLCD1(半胱氨酸脱巯基酶)的基因编辑植株,SlLCD1缺失体的果实成熟衰老进程加速,同时果实ROS含量过量积累,APX1响应内源ROS含量上升而受到转录激活。同时,构建了APX1的基因编辑植株、APX1和APX1第32位Cys点突变为丙氨酸(Ala)的基因超表达植株,发现APX1基因缺失导致果实加速成熟,而超表达的材料果实成熟衰老进程延缓,同时,APX1第32位Cys点突变的基因超表达材料对H2S信号不敏感。利用上述转基因番茄材料,结合激光共聚焦和亚细胞定位等手段,整体构建了受H2S信号激活的APX蛋白表达与H2S/ROS信号消长的时空变化模式图。此外,在其他物种,如猕猴桃、梨果实、苹果、甘薯等,也发现H2S具有通过巯基化修饰以调控生物体内氧化-还原平衡的功能,进而行使其延缓果实成熟衰老的生物学效应。在本项目的支持下,课题组在Horticulture Research、Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry、Frontiers in Plant Science、Plant Cell Reports等杂志,发表论文10篇,其中影响因子大于5.0的论文2篇(Horticulture Research),申请国家发明专利2项。培养硕士研究生7名,在读博士研究生2名。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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