赤霉素和脱落酸协同调控太子参块根形态建成及次生代谢产物积累的分子机制解析

The crude drugs from Radix and Rhizome occupy a particularly important position in the Chinese medicinal materials markets. The shape and accumulation of effective components have always been considered as main indexes in quality evaluating of medicinal materials. It’s a critical issue that how to balance the development of the two indexes during cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials. Hormones are important regulators in growth and development of plants and them could not only modulate morphogenesis but also regulate the accumulation of secondary metabolites. In our previous study, it's found that the development of tuberous root of Pseudostellariae Radix mainly depend on the endogenous GA3 and ABA. The formation of tuberous root and accumulation of secondary metabolites can also be regulated by exogenous intervention of GA3 and ABA. These results indicated that the quality of Pseudostellariae Radix was mainly affected by cooperation regulation of the hormones. In this study, proteomics, metabonomics, cell biology, molecular biology and bioinformatics will be used to investigate the spatio-temporal expression of GA3 and ABA. The influence on the morphogenesis of tuberous root and accumulation of secondary metabolites was also studied according to change of shape and metabolic network after external reinforcement and blocking. These results may help to reveal the molecular mechanism that quality of medicinal materials was affected by coordinate regulation of the two hormones. This work can also guide the modification of cultivation technology and provide a theoretical basis for high-quality cultivation of Pseudostellariae Radix.

根和根茎类药材在中药材市场上占据着重要地位，其外观形态及药效组分的积累是评价药材质量的重要指标，如何实现两者协同发展，仍然是中药材种植技术关注的关键问题。激素是药用植物生长发育的重要调节系统，既能影响植物的形态建成，也能调节次生代谢产物的积累。在前期的研究中，申请者发现GA3、ABA是影响太子参块根发育的主要激素，采用外施激素或抑制剂干预内源GA3、ABA的含量，能显著影响块根的形态及次生代谢产物的积累。这一发现揭示激素协同可能是调控太子参药材质量的关键环节。本研究拟运用蛋白质组学、代谢组学、细胞生物学、分子生物学、生物信息学等手段，分析GA3、ABA在块根中的时空表达规律，通过外部强化和阻断GA3及ABA前后的块根形态及代谢网络的变化，明确两种激素对块根形态建成及次生代谢产物积累的影响，从而揭示两种激素协同调控太子参药材品质的分子机制，指导种植技术的优化，为太子参的优质栽培提供理论依据。

根和根茎类药材在中药材市场上占据着重要地位，其外观形态及药效组分的积累是评价药材质量的重要指标，太子参作为典型的根茎类中药材，如何实现形态和药用成分的协同发展，是中药材种植技术中急需解决的问题。植物激素在植物生长发育、形态建成以及次生代谢中发挥着重要的作用。因此探究植物激素赤霉素（GA3）以及脱落酸（ABA）在太子参块根发育以及品质形成中的作用，对太子参的栽培优化具有重要的意义。本研究以太子参为对象，通过对GA3以及ABA处理后的块根形态观察，发现GA3能够促进块根伸长，但抑制块根的膨大，而ABA的作用恰好相反，促进块根膨大但抑制块根伸长。此外，我们通过转录组、蛋白组以及代谢组对外源GA3以及ABA处理后的太子参块根进行分析，结果表明GA3以及ABA处理能够上调多个多糖合成、淀粉合成、脂质代谢、太子参环肽合成等相关基因及蛋白的表达，并提高活性物质的含量。同时GA3以及ABA在这些通路中存在一定的协同作用。这些结果揭示了GA3和ABA在调控太子参块根形态建成以及活性物质积累中的作用，为块根类中药材的优质栽培提供了科学依据。