基于遥感影像和多源基准数据联合的月球火星轨道器定轨定姿研究

Orbit and attitude determination of Lunar and Mars' orbiter with high precision is the key technology to ensure their deep space exploration missions can be implemented smoothly. Measuring data on position and attitude with high precision can not only support geometric positioning and mapping of space-borne remote sensors, but also are basis data for scientific researches such as planetary gravity field modeling. However, due to long flying distance of the spacecraft, strong signal attenuation, big signal propagation delaying, poor observation geometry,the traditional orbit and attitude determination technology which satisfies the requirements of earth satellites, encounters new challenges in deep space exploration. In order to solve this problems, this research propose high-precision position and attitude determination methods that based on data fusion of satellite remote sensing imagery and space-borne laser altimeter to aid radio monitoring and controlling and space-borne positioning system by model making， extracting landmarks and state estimation, which utilize already obtained satellite imagery and laser altimeter data as reference. This research can improve the satellites' position and attitude determination precision without increasing satellite loads, and will promote China's monitoring and control capabilities in lunar and Mars exploration, and further promote the scientific research level of deep space exploration.

月球火星轨道器高精度定轨定姿是保证深空探测任务顺利实施的关键技术，高精度的轨道和姿态测量数据不仅能为星载遥感传感器的几何定位与制图做支撑，也是行星重力场模型等科学研究的数据基础。然而，由于深空航天轨道器飞行距离远、信号衰减强，传播延长大、观测几何差等特点，使得传统的以地球卫星为需求的定轨定姿技术遇到了新的挑战。针对上述问题，本项目提出基于卫星遥感影像视觉信息与星载激光高度计数据融合的高精度定轨定姿研究思路，以现有的国内外月球火星探测任务中获取的卫星影像和激光高度计数据为基准数据，利用星上对月/火星观测传感器获取的遥感影像或激光高度计数据，通过模型构建、地标识别提取，及状态估计等技术，实现辅助无线电测控及星上定姿系统的高精度定轨定姿。通过本项目的研究，将在无需增加卫星载荷的情况下，提高卫星的定轨定姿精度，研究成果将促进我国月球和火星探测的测控能力，进一步推动我国深空探测的科学研究水平

本项目提出基于卫星遥感影像与星载激光高度计数据融合的高精度定轨定姿研究思路，通过传感器模型的研究，地标识别提取，影像配准及平差解算等技术，实现高精度轨道器定轨定姿，完成了既定科学目标。通过本项目的研究，提高了卫星的定轨定姿精度，研究成果将促进我国月球和火星探测的测控能力，进一步推动我国深空探测的科学研究水平，研究成果也直接支撑于我国嫦娥三号工程探测。在本项目支持上发表SCI论文3篇，EI论文2篇，中文核心2篇，发表会议论文3篇，获取专利2项，软件著作权4项，并获得测绘科技进步一等奖1项。