Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to cognitive impairment in the subdomains of learning and memory. However, its mechanism remains unknown. It has been reported that T2DM patients exhibit metabolic disorders of iron. Various factors existing in T2DM affect the iron metabolism which is regulated by hepcidin. Iron deposition in central nervous system result in cognitive impairment via neural oxidative stress injury. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated that hippocampus is the key dysfunction area in T2DM patients. Therefore, we assume that T2DM cognitive impairment is closely associated with the hippocampal iron deposition. The present research intends, first, to determine the hippocampal iron deposition with quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and investigate its relationship with T2DM cognitive impairment; second, to investigate the abnormity of proteins involved in iron metabolism and oxidative stress injury in hippocampus; third, to intervene the hepcidin expression in T2DM rats brain which may help in seeking for the approach to prevent the cognitive impairment; finally, to verify the accuracy and evaluative meaning of QSM in T2DM hippocampal iron deposition. The current research can reveal the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in T2DM from the perspective of hippocampal iron deposition, and lay a foundation for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring for T2DM-associated cognitive impairment.
2型糖尿病(T2DM)易导致以学习记忆损害为主的认知功能损害,但其机制尚未明确。研究发现T2DM患者存在机体铁代谢失衡,可能是T2DM的复杂不利因素影响了以铁调素为核心的铁代谢过程。过量的铁如果在大脑沉积可通过氧化应激损伤脑细胞导致认知功能损害,影像学研究发现海马是T2DM患者出现功能异常的关键脑区,因此本研究假设海马铁沉积是T2DM认知功能损害的重要原因。本研究拟采用磁共振定量磁化率成像(QSM)技术定量分析海马的铁沉积水平,探讨海马铁沉积与T2DM认知功能损害之间的关系;检测T2DM背景下大鼠海马的铁代谢相关蛋白异常及氧化应激损伤;对T2DM大鼠脑铁调素表达进行干预,寻找T2DM认知功能损害的干预靶点;同时验证QSM在T2DM海马铁沉积检测中的准确性与评估价值。本研究可从海马铁沉积角度揭示T2DM认知功能损害的机制,并为疾病的诊断、治疗和监测提供新的依据。
随着我国人口老龄化进程的加速和城市化带来的生活方式的改变,2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)的患病率逐年升高。认知功能损害是2型糖尿病的常见并发症,并且有较普通人1.5-2.5倍发展为痴呆的风险,对家庭和社会造成了沉重的负担。在阐明2型糖尿病引起认知功能损害潜在机制的基础之上,或许可以采取有效的早期干预措施。.首先,本研究对T2DM病人脑铁沉积水平进行了定量研究;其次,利用静息态fMRI数据,通过度中心度(DC)分析定位T2DM病人脑功能改变的网络节点,采用Granger因果分析(GCA)探讨节点之间的因果效应;此外,还利用了静息态功能MRI探讨了载脂蛋白E(Apolipoprotein E, APOE-ε3)等位基因纯合的T2DM患者脑自发活动和同步性的异常情况;最后,本研究通过铁调素rAAV病毒干预对T2DM大鼠海马铁沉积和认知功能损害进行了研究。.研究结果提示,T2DM病人双侧尾状核、左侧壳核、右侧黑质及双侧海马的铁含量水平显著升高,并且与认知障碍的严重程度密切相关;在T2DM患者中发生改变的中心节点与视觉信息获取及目标导向行为相关,同时这些中心节点之间的连接发生异常,提示T2DM患者可能存在视觉皮层与运动皮层之间信息传播受阻,及扣带回前部对视觉信息获取的调控作用紊乱;APOE-ε3等位基因纯合的T2DM患者在与视觉相关信息处理、执行功能和负面情绪相关的脑区表现出异常的脑自发活动和同步性;T2DM大鼠有显著的认知功能损害及海马内的异常铁沉积,并可通过增加铁调素的表达得到改善,表明铁调素在T2DM大鼠的海马铁沉积和认知功能损害中发挥了重要作用。.T2DM存在脑结构、功能及铁代谢的异常,可通过调节脑内铁调素水平进行改善,证明了QSM在活体海马铁沉积评估中的有效性,为临床上T2DM认知功能损害的诊断和治疗提供了新的思路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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