空调通风调控臭氧诱发体表化学污染有效度及协同送风量研究

It's an important scientific problem needing to be solved deeply in indoor air quality research field that effectiveness of air conditioning and ventilation controlling human surface chemical pollution induced by ozone and method for determing synergistic supplied airflow rate. This project will carry out deep research on this fundamental scientific problem , regarding human surface chemical pollution induced by ozone as the analytical object. With theoretical analysis, experimental test and simulation, variation of the key parameters related with human surface chemical reaction induced by ozone with affecting factors, source and sink boundary, processing method of source term are studied. Component transformation and mass transport model of human surface chemical reaction induced by ozone is established and verified. Effectiveness indexes of air conditioning and ventilation system controlling pollution are put forward from aspects of component transformation and mass transport, respectively. Scientific method for judging effectiveness of air conditioning and ventilation system controlling human surface chemical pollution induced by ozone is formed. Synergistic variation range of these two kinds of effectiveness indexes and relevance characteristics between synergistic supplied airflow rate and reference airflow rate are obtained. Method for determing synergistic supplied airflow rate is established and its application verification is provided. Research achievement of this project will provide important theoretical basis for judging the performance of air conditioning and ventilation system controlling air pollution, under the premise that outdoor air quality decline and air conditioning and ventilation system pollution are existing currently. Moreover, it will provide important technical support and basic data for synchronous controlling direct emission pollution and secondary pollution.

空调通风调控臭氧诱发体表化学污染的"有效度"及"协同送风量"的确定方法属于室内空气品质研究领域一个亟待解决的重要科学问题。本项目将以O3诱发体表化学污染为对象对这一基础科学问题展开深入研究。采用理论分析、实验测试和仿真模拟相结合的方法，研究O3诱发体表化学反应的关键参数随影响因素的变化规律、体表源汇边界、源项处理方法，构建并验证O3诱发体表化学反应的物质转化与质量输运模型；分别从物质转化和质量输运角度建立空调通风系统控污有效度指标，形成判定空调通风系统调控O3诱发体表化学污染有效程度的科学方法；得到两类有效度指标之间的协同变化区间和协同送风量与基准送风量之间的相关性特征，建立协同送风量的确定方法并完成其应用验证。项目研究成果将在当前存在室外大气质量下降和空调通风系统自身污染这一背景前提下为判定空调通风系统控污能力提供重要理论依据，为同步调控直接散发污染和二次污染提供重要技术支撑和基础数据。

臭氧诱发体表化学反应引起的污染是当前室内二次污染来源的重要方面，而采用空调通风如何合理有效地控制解决该类污染是室内空气品质研究领域一个亟待解决的重要科学问题。本项目从臭氧诱发体表化学反应的物质转化与质量输运模型、控污有效度指标与调控O3诱发体表化学污染有效程度的科学判定方法、协同送风量的确定方法三个方面展开研究。首先，针对不同人员密度在置换通风、混合通风、地板孔板送风三种模式下的情况，分析了臭氧体表沉积速度、质量输运限制沉积速度、反应率的变化规律；三者的变化区间依次为（3.2，11.8）、(0.00002，0.0004)和（8.1，35.6）。其次，体表化学反应引起O3浓度、TVOC浓度和PM2.5浓度三种之间存在密切关联，即化学反应作用引起TVOC耗损以及PM2.5产生；同时，以鲨烯和脂肪酸为代表的前体物，所产生的反应产物的化学构成分别以酮类和醛类为主。第三，结合前两点的结果并基于化学质量平衡关系以及源项处理构建了O3诱发体表化学反应的物质转化与质量输运模型并对其进行了实验验证。第四，建立了基于物质转化的控污有效度指标ESA︳reaction和基于质量输运的控污有效度指标ESA︳mass，形成了科学判定空调通风系统调控O3诱发体表化学污染有效程度的方法。第五，结合我国男女新陈代谢水平特点，得到了不同人员密度下典型建筑空间的基准送风量。最后，针对五种情况分别建立了协同送风量确定方法，同时将该方法应用于面向人体微环境二次污染调控的需求送风和房间在协同送风量下的污染物控制，实现对其在建筑空间上的应用验证。项目研究结果与发现为空调通风调控室内二次污染提供了科学方法和策略，为送风量标准的制定提供了基础数据，同时也为降低我国室内人员所受到的体表化学污染暴露危害和潜在疾病风险提供了理论指导。在项目研究期间，发表了多篇国内外学术论文，4篇被SCI收录，7篇被EI收录。