采掘扰动作用下深部巷道钢管混凝土支架支护作用机理研究

Surrounding rock of deep roadway lied in the poor geological environment, and behaved intense rheology, which easily made the stabilized support of concrete filled steel tube scaffold into failure in deep roadway, this had become one of the key issues in deep mining. Aiming the excavation disturbance damage problem of concrete-filled steel tube scaffold in deep roadway, this subject proposed to use rock rheology disturbance experiment and mining disturbance similar simulation experiment, represent the deep roadway deformation and failure process of concrete-filled steel scaffold, combined with the finite element simulation and theoretical analysis; and then researched on surrounding rock stress peak shift and dynamic distribution of the disturbance sensitive area peak before, size and distribution of support resistance forces, internal force and failure pattern of concrete filled steel tube scaffold; using which to reveal the evolution law of deep roadway surrounding rock stress field, illustrate the supporting mechanism and the relationship between concrete-filled steel tube scaffold and surrounding rock, set up deep roadway support stability condition, and preliminarily formed deep roadway supporting stability theory of concrete-filled steel tube scaffold under the action of mining disturbance. This topic results could solve problems of deep roadway support, and provide theory support for the deep roadway stability control and technical guidance for mining disturbance.

深部巷道所处地质环境差，围岩流变性强，在强烈的采掘扰动作用下极易导致钢管混凝土支架支护稳定的巷道发生失稳破坏，这已经成为深部安全开采面临的关键问题之一。本项目针对深部巷道钢管混凝土支架的采掘扰动破坏问题，拟通过岩石流变扰动效应实验和采掘扰动相似模拟实验，再现深部巷道钢管混凝土支架变形破坏过程，结合有限元模拟和理论分析，研究围岩应力峰值转移和峰前扰动敏感区动态分布、支护阻力大小和分布形式、钢管混凝土支架内力和破坏形态，以此揭示采掘扰动作用下深部巷道围岩应力场演变规律，阐明钢管混凝土支架支护作用机理及其与围岩相互作用关系，建立采掘扰动作用下深部巷道支护稳定条件，初步形成采掘扰动下深部巷道钢管混凝土支架支护稳定性控制模型。本课题成果可以解决深部巷道采动支护难题，为采掘扰动作用下深部巷道稳定性控制提供理论支持和技术指导。

本项目针对采掘扰动作用下深部巷道钢管混凝土支架支护变形问题，开展了深部岩石蠕变扰动试验、深部巷道采掘扰动相似模拟试验、深部巷道采掘破坏数值模拟和深部巷道采掘破坏现场监测，揭示了深部岩石蠕变扰动效应机理，研究了深部巷道采掘扰动的影响范围、影响程度和渐进发生规律，阐明了钢管混凝土支架支护作用机理及支架围岩相互作用关系，并提出深部采掘扰动支护优化方法。取得的主要成果如下：.（1）在TAW-1000D蠕变扰动试验仪上开展了深部类岩石常规压缩、蠕变压缩和蠕变扰动试验，测试了类岩石长期强度，以长期强度为加载基础，揭示了岩石蠕变扰动阈值和蠕变扰动效应。.（2）基于邢东矿二水平皮带下山采掘扰动破坏案例，设计了缩尺支护模型，开展了采掘扰动模型试验研究和深部巷道采掘扰动破坏数值模拟，分析了扰动下围岩支护应力场演化，揭示煤柱宽度变化条件下围岩应力场的重分布规律。.（3）对华丰煤矿2613工作面下方的-1180西岩巷受采掘扰动进行监测，建立了实时在线监测系统，初步发现工作面采掘位置与岩巷超前扰动破坏影响规律，扰动变形约超前工作面100m。.（4）项目申请国家发明专利30项，已授权9项；在国内外重要学术刊物和会议上发表论文14篇，其中EI收录6篇；培养研究生5名，其中3名已毕业；获中国施工企业管理协会科技进步一等奖1项，获山东省高等学科科技成果一等奖1项，获中国煤炭工业协会科技进步二等奖1项、三等奖1项，获中国岩石力学与工程学会科技进步二等奖1项，获河北省政府科技进步三等奖1项。获省部级工法2项，批准立项煤炭行业标准1项和中国煤炭建设协会团体标准1项。.依据本项目研究成果，建立了基于采掘扰动强弱差异的深部巷道分类支护方法。对于采掘扰动影响较强的深部巷道，提出了基于双层控制的破壁卸压支护技术；对于采掘扰动影响较弱的深部巷道，提出了基于承压环强化的主被动双强支护技术；分类支护方法已经成功应用于全国多条深部巷道支护工程实践。