超高分辨率、超大动态范围光纤传感通用测试系统

A workman must first sharpen his tools if he is to do his work well. Generally, the development level of measuring and testing technology represents scientific and technological level. This project focuses on developing a new high precision testing method and an optical path evaluation method which can satisfy the pressing needs of ultra-high-precision fiber optic sensor such as fiber optic gyro at precision level. Based on the prophase research, this project aims to develop some unit key technologies such as dispersion compensation, comprehensive noise inhibition and ultra-large light path scanning range, and key technology for instrumentation such as online adjustment and the system performance calibration to realize a universal test system with high sensitivity and ultra-large dynamic range for fiber optic sensing system. With parameters of 100dB dynamic range, -100dB polarization crosstalk sensitivity, ±5cm spatial resolution and up to 5km measurement optical fiber length, we can realize the technical breakthrough of the testing system both in single and comprehensive properties which beyond the international level of the similar research work. In the project we will finish the high-precision and universal testing for the key components of gyro such as light source, fiber coupler, sensitive fiber ring and Y-waveguide, and accomplish the online non-destructive assessment for the overall performance of half closed and closed gyroscopic optical system. Develop the distributed polarization crosstalk into a general method and standard for performance measurement of fiber optic devices and optical path and provide an effective technical approach for system development as well as device- and light-path-level testing of ultra-high-precision fiber optic sensor.

工欲善其事，必先利其器。测试技术的发展水平代表着科技水平。本项目面向精密级光纤陀螺等超高性能光纤传感器亟需高精度器件级测试新方法和缺乏光路级评估新手段的迫切需求。在前期研究基础上，攻克综合噪声抑制、色散动态补偿、超大范围光程扫描等单元关键技术，和系统性能标定与在线校准等仪器化关键技术，实现超高灵敏度、超大动态范围光纤传器通用测试系统的研制，使偏振串扰灵敏度达到-100dB，动态范围保持在100dB，在空间分辨率达到±5cm时，测量光纤长度扩展到5km，实现测试系统的单项与综合技术指标的全面突破，性能超越国际同类研究水平。完成对光源、耦合器、光纤敏感环、Y波导等陀螺关键器件的高精度与通用化测试，陀螺半闭合与闭合光路整体性能的在线与非破坏性评估，将分布式偏振串扰发展成为一种光纤器件与光路性能测试的通用方法和标准，为超高精度光纤传感系统的器件级与光路级测试和系统研制提供一种有效的技术手段。

本项目面向惯导级、精密级光纤陀螺等超高性能光纤传感系统的测试与评估的迫切需求，提出了偏振串扰测量极限提升方法、测量噪声综合抑制方法、超大量程光程延迟拓展方法、动态色散补偿与高精度色散测量方法，攻克了干涉派噪声抑制技术，光路固有噪声抑制技术、超大量程光程扫描技术、测试系统性能标定与校准等单元关键技术以及光、机、电等子系统研制、系统集成与软件编制等仪器化关键技术，完成了超高灵敏度、超大动态范围光纤偏振串扰测试系统硬件平台的构建；使串扰测量分辨率（-105dB）、动态范围（100dB）、光纤测试长度（5km）、空间分辨率（全量程10cm）等多个单项关键技术参数和综合技术指标实现突破，技术性能全面超越国内外同类测试系统，技术水平达到国际领先水平；提出了集成波导调制器（Y波导）、保偏光纤（光纤敏感环）等光纤陀螺核心器件与闭合、半闭合光路的测试方法，并被航天科工、中船重工、中电、中航等军工集团应用，实现了光纤陀螺核心器件和光路系统性能的高精度评价，为超高精度光纤陀螺的研究与生产提供一种有效的技术手段。.项目共发表研究论文44篇，其中被SCI收录37篇，出版学术专著1部；申请发明专利34项，其中18项获得授权，并实现专利转化和应用4项，总金额超过100万元；项目的研究成果为国家重大科学仪器开发专项、国家自然基金委优秀青年基金项目、国家重点研发计划提供了重要支撑；研究成果被航天科工、中船重工、中电、中航等军工集团应用，累计新增产值2.72 亿元；获得黑龙江省科技进步一等奖、教育部技术发明二等奖和光学工程学会创新技术二等奖各1项。