气体动态压力光学直接测量中的温度影响分析与补偿方法研究

Traceable dynamic pressure measurement is the primary problem that restricts the development and application of dynamic pressure metrology. Direct measurement of dynamic pressure can be achieved based on the refractive index or absorption spectrum, which are ideal traceable dynamic pressure measurement methods. But for the gas dynamic pressure measurement, these two methods will face the obvious impact of temperature changes. Therefore, it is very important to study the influence and compensation method of temperature in the gas dynamic pressure measurement based on the refractive index and the absorption spectrum. The purpose of this project is to explore one temperature compensation method in the dynamic pressure optical direct measurement based on the information fusion of these two kinds of measurement methods through the analysis of the principle of gas pressure sensing and temperature compensation. Static pressure experiments with alterable temperature and dynamic pressure experiments on the shock tube are designed to verify the measurement method. This project can provide a new theoretical method and key problem solution for the research of traceable dynamic pressure calibration and the development of dynamic pressure standard devices, which is helpful to improve the dynamic pressure transfer system in China.

可溯源动态压力测量问题是制约动态压力计量技术发展与应用的首要问题。基于折射率或吸收光谱可以实现对动态压力的直接测量，是比较理想的可溯源动态压力测量方法。但对于气体动态压力测量，这两种方法都将面临温度变化影响的突出问题。因此，对基于折射率和吸收光谱的气体动态压力测量中的温度影响进行深入分析并研究相应的温度补偿修正方法尤为重要。本项目旨在通过基于折射率与吸收光谱的气体压力感知机理与温度影响机理的分析，研究利用两种测量手段的多信息融合方法实现气体压力温度分离与动态压力测量中的温度补偿，并通过变温静态压力试验与激波管动态压力试验对测量方法进行验证。本项目可为可溯源动态压力校准技术研究与标准装置研制提供新的理论方法与关键问题解决方案，促进我国动态压力量值传递体系的完善。

随着我国新型武器装置的研制和现代工业技术的发展，动态压力测量的场合和需求越来越广泛，对测量准确度要求也越来越高。对压力传感器或测试系统进行动态校准是动态压力测量准确度的保证，其动态量值的可靠溯源的问题已成为制约其发展应用的首要瓶颈。随着激光技术的快速发展，其单色性好、分辨率高、灵敏度高等优点越来越突出，很适合应用于气体压力测量。其中吸收光谱技术能够根据气体分子的吸收光谱曲线分析气体压力、温度、浓度等信息。激光干涉测量技术能够依靠其高精度的长度量测量能力，得到气体的折射率变化信息。但对于气体动态压力测量，这两种方法都将面临温度变化影响的突出问题。.本项目针对气体动态压力校准光学直接测量溯源中难以避免的温度变化耦合影响问题，开展了基于折射率与分子吸收光谱的气体动态压力测量温度影响机理分析，完成了基于光学直接测量多信息融合的压力温度解算方法研究以及相关试验验证分析，建立了一套动态压力光学直接测量温度补偿解决方案。本项目的工作可以为可溯源动态压力校准技术研究与标准装置研制提供新的理论方法与关键问题解决方案。