BTK kinase is one of the non-receptor tyrosine kinases belonging to the Tec kinase family. Overexpression and gain of function mutations of BTK kinase has been observed in many types of B-cell lymphomas, therefore BTK has been extensively explored as a validated drug discovery target. Recently several new BTK inhibitors have been developed and they can be categorized into two different classes based on the inhibitory mechanism: irreversible inhibitor which takes advantage of Cys481 in BTK to form a covalent bond with electrophile born in the inhibitor such as PCI-32765, AVL-292 and our recently developed QL47; reversible inhibitor which works like many other common ATP competitive inhibitors such as CGI-1746, GDC-0834, etc. During our journey to develop irreversible inhibitor QL47 we found that all these irreversible inhibitors could induce the BTK protein degradation in the B-cell lymphoma cell lines while reversible inhibitor such as CGI-1746 did not show similar effect at the working concentration range. However, the mechanism is not clear yet. Since most of the current irreversible inhibitors also show strong inhibitory activities to kinases that bear similar Cysteine to BTKCys481 such as Tec family kinases (BMX, BLK, Tec, ITK), EGFR, Jak3, etc, a more selective irreversible inhibitor is highly desired as a tool for further mechanistic study. Based on the experience gained during the development of QL47, we propose to use the highly selective reversible inhibitor CGI-1746 as the scaffold to develop more selective irreversible BTK kinase inhibitors, and subsequently design the new biotin- and fluorescence-tagged chemical probes to study the mechanism of the irreversible inhibitor induced BTK kinase degradation.
BTK激酶是经过临床验证的针对B细胞淋巴瘤的有效药物开发靶点。近年来针对BTK激酶产生了多个不可逆抑制剂(PCI-32765, AVL-292, QL47)和可逆抑制剂(CGI-1746, GDC-0834 等)。在开发不可逆抑制剂QL47的过程中我们发现不可逆抑制剂可以广泛的引起BTK激酶蛋白的降解,而可逆抑制剂通常不会,其机理尚不明确。另外,目前BTK不可逆小分子抑制剂的选择性使得它们不适合作为工具分子深入研究蛋白的降解机理。基于此,我们拟利用选择性较高的可逆抑制剂CGI-1746作为母核开发高选择性的BTK激酶不可逆抑制剂以及带有Biotin和荧光标记的高选择性分子探针,综合利用化学生物学、分子生物学和细胞生物学的方法,探究不可逆抑制剂引起BTK蛋白降解的具体机制。
BTK激酶是一种非受体酪氨酸激酶,其异常在多种B细胞相关的疾病中都被发现,特别是B细胞非霍奇金性淋巴瘤和类风湿关节炎等。由于目前已知的绝大多数不可逆BTK抑制剂在结构相似的激酶中没有很好的选择性,因此可能会引起脱靶作用,所以我们仍需要理想的不可逆BTK抑制剂用于相关病理机制的研究。在本项目中我们通过基于结构的药物设计理念,以高选择性的BTK激酶可逆抑制剂CGI-1746为母核结构,完成了170多个BTK激酶不可逆抑制剂的化学合成及生物活性表征。通过一系列体内外活性测试筛选,我们获得了4个高选择性高活性的不可逆BTK激酶抑制剂BTK-001、BTK-035、BTK-065和CHMFL-BTK-11。这4个先导化合物不仅在蛋白水平上对BTK具有较强的抑制活性,并且在细胞水平上可以有效的抑制BTK激酶和阻断下游的信号通路、诱导细胞发生凋亡和阻滞细胞周期。利用这些小分子工具,我们还发现BTK不可逆抑制剂和可逆抑制剂对于细胞信号通路、细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响存在一定差异,这可能是两种不同类型的抑制剂对B细胞淋巴瘤产生不同作用效果的原因之一。化合物BTK-001不仅具有很高的抑制活性,而且在激酶组检测中表现出极高的选择性,特别是摒弃了对于一些结构相似激酶的活性,为深入研究BTK激酶介导的信号通路在生理、病理环境中的作用机制提供了一个理想的研究工具。此外化合物CHMFL-BTK-11还可以有效的抑制人原代B细胞的过度活化及外周血单核细胞中炎症因子TNFα的分泌。在小鼠关节炎模型中,CHMFL-BTK-11通过阻滞过度活化B细胞的增殖可以有效的抑制免疫应答反应,降低炎症因子IgG1, IgG2, IgM, IL-6的产生,刺激抗炎性因子IL-10的分泌,其高活性和高选择性使它成为了治疗类风湿关节炎的潜在新药物。目前与项目相关的科研成果已发表SCI论文3篇,包括European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(药物化学一区期刊)2篇和Scientific Reports 1 篇,并获得中国和美国发明专利授权各1项,申请中国发明专利1项。此外本项目执行期间,项目负责人获得国家万人计划“青年拔尖人才”支持,并培养毕业博士研究生和硕士研究生各1名。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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