环境风下高速弓网的滑动接触特性及优配设计研究

With increasing the train speed, strong air disturbance, pantograph-catenary coupling vibration and the like are exerting greater effects on the sliding contact characteristics of pantograph and centenary, bringing more challenges for a better relationship between pantograph and catenary. Therefore, it is urgent to study on the sliding contact characteristics of high-speed pantograph and catenary to ensure a safe and stable current collecting performance of high-speed train with environmental wind influence. Characteristics of airflow which affects the pantograph under different conditions will be studied based on simulation results. Aerodynamic load characteristics of the pantograph under airflow and environmental wind will be achieved. Aerodynamic load characteristics of the antenary will be studied with environmental wind influence. This project will build a sliding contact model considering structural deformation, flow-induced vibration, droppers nonlinearity, etc. Influence of different airflows and environmental wind on pantograph-cantenary sliding contact and current collecting performance will be studied by means of the sliding contact model. Effects brought by pantograph-catenary system parameters and by contact pair shape on the sliding contact characteristics and contact pressure of pantograph-catenary are also explored. The purpose of this project is aimed to optimize the performance of high-speed pantograph, present a desirable design plan of pantograph and catenary. The plan will be verified by means of simulation results and bench tests.

随着高速列车运行速度的不断提升，强气流扰动及弓网耦合振动对弓网滑动接触特性的影响急剧增大，弓网运行面临极大的挑战，如何保证环境风下高速弓网系统具有良好的受流质量是保障高速列车运营安全亟待解决的问题。本项目将研究受电弓在不同运行工况下的气流特征，分析环境风和强气流耦合作用的受电弓气动载荷特性，分析接触网环境风作用的气动载荷特性，研究气动载荷幅频特性的演变规律；建立考虑受电弓和接触网空间运动、流致振动、吊弦非线性和接触副形貌特征等因素的全空间高速弓网滑动接触模型；研究流固耦合作用机理和耦合模式，分析受电弓和接触网的流致振动效应，揭示流致振动对弓网滑动接触特性及受流质量的影响规律；研究弓网系统参数和接触副形貌特征对弓网滑动接触特性及接触压力的影响规律，优化高速受电弓的性能指标，研究弓网系统参数的优配方法，提出改善流致振动的弓网系统优配设计方案，并进行仿真试验和台架试验验证。

随着高速列车运行速度的不断提升，强气流扰动及弓网耦合振动对弓网滑动接触特性的影响急剧增大，影响高速列车的运营安全。本项目采用数值模拟、台架试验及线路试验的方法，采用柔性索单元和非线性杆单元，建立了接触网力学模型，采用流体诱发振动理论，推导了作用在接触网上的气动力，对随机风场下接触网风振行为和弓网受流特性进行了研究；建立了受电弓的气动力模型，考虑流固耦合效应，分析受电弓不同工况下的各部件的气动阻力和气动升力；建立高速受电弓的非线性运动模型，分析了高速受电弓结构参数对高速受电弓动态抬升位移的影响，确定影响弓头运动轨迹的关键参数；分析影响弓网接触压力波动的因素，研究了受电弓机械阻抗的特性，提出计及受电弓幅频特性的弓网参数匹配方法。.本项目已发表论文12篇，其中，SCI收录6篇，EI收录6篇；SCI录用论文1篇，EI论文录用1篇；申请发明专利6项；培养研究生3名，其中，已毕业博士研究生1名，已毕业硕士研究生1名。项目的研究不仅提高弓网系统运行的安全性和可靠性，更为高速列车的平稳运行和运营安全提供保障，对于完善高速弓网系统动态特性的研究体系，保证高速弓网的稳定受流，降低高速铁路维护成本具有重要的理论与实际意义。