交直流混合电力系统中基于测点多目标优化的谐波全局监测问题研究

The ship integrated power system is a typical hybrid AC/DC power system, which usually consists of complex nonlinear loads and has the critical electrical coupling characteristics between the electrical subnets. There has been a more serious harmonic problem with obvious global characteristics in it in comparison with the traditional power grid on the land. Taking into account the small ship space, sensor numbers and locations for the harmonic monitoring are strictly limited. Ship power grid harmonic monitoring issues, not only restricted to an individual device node or a single power system grid, but should study the optimal allocation of monitoring nodes and place limited node to obtain the largest possible grid message. To accomplish such a task, the ship integrated power system harmonic domain analytical model is built to study the propagation characteristics of harmonic between the converters, and thus to promote the general harmonic distribution laws of the power system existing of multi-converters. Based on it, reflecting the ship integrated power system characteristics and the monitoring needs focus on the system harmonic interference sources and sensitive equipment ,a multi-objective optimal model is built to find the optimal placement of harmonic monitors in the power system in which the system monitoring ambiguity, the numbers of monitors and the monitoring redundancy are taken as objects. Finally, the general method is obtained to find harmonic monitoring nodes in the optimal allocation and achieve the harmonics global monitoring based on the finite points.

舰船综合电力系统具有电制复杂，不同电制的子网间电气耦合严重，负载非线性强等特点，相比陆用大电网存在更严重的谐波问题，谐波干扰现象表现出明显的全局特性。并且舰船空间狭小，用于谐波监测的传感器数量和安装位置均严格受限。因此研究舰船电网的谐波监测问题，不能局限于单一设备节点或单一电制电网，而应该在监测节点布置受限的条件下，进行监测节点的优化配置，从有限节点获得尽可能多的电网信息。为实现该目标，项目建立舰船综合电力系统谐波域分析模型，研究谐波特征量在变换器间的传播规律，进而推广得到存在多变换器情况下，电力系统谐波分布的一般性规律。以该规律为基本约束条件，针对舰船综合电力系统特性，体现对系统中谐波干扰源和敏感设备的重点监测需求，建立并求解以监测不确定度、监测节点个数、监测冗余度为性能指标的多目标优化模型，得到舰船综合电力系统中谐波监测节点优化配置的一般性方法，实现基于有限测点的电网谐波全局监测。

舰船综合电力系统具有电制复杂，不同电制子网间电气耦合严重，负载非线性强等特点，其谐波监测问题，不能仅局限于单一设备节点或单一电制电网，而应该在监测节点布置受限的条件下，进行监测节点的优化配置，有限节点获得尽可能多的电网信息。为完成该任务，项目组完成以下研究工作：1.提出一种快速谐波监测辨识方法，为电网谐波监测打下基础。2. 研究谐波特征量在变换器间传播规律，进而推广得到存在多变换器情况下，电力系统谐波分布的一般性规律。3. 选择并改进适用于综合电力系统谐波监测的多目标优化算法，及其Pareto解集的求取。在以上研究工作基础上，项目组建立舰船综合电力系统谐波域分析模型，研究谐波特征量在变换器间分布的一般性规律。以该规律为基本约束条件，针对舰船综合电力系统特性，体现对系统中谐波干扰源和敏感设备的重点监测需求，建立并求解监控系统的多目标优化模型，得到适用于舰船综合电力系统中谐波监测节点优化配置的一般性方法，实现基于有限测点的电网谐波全局监测。