嗜盐古菌基因组盐适应性微进化与嗜盐机制研究

How the extremophiles can adapt to the extreme enviroments is a hot topic.The appplicant has been engaging in the study of the halophilic archeae in Salt Lake and Salt Mine in Xinjiang. Based on previous study, in this project, three novel extremely halophilic archaea Halobiforma lacisalsi, Natrinema altunense and Halopiger salifodinae which isolated and identified by our study group will be studied. Strains will be isolated from Ayakekumu Lake in Altun Mountain and salt mine in akesu area. The methods of genomic, transcriptomic, comparative genomic and bioinformatic, combining genechip and modern molecular biology will be used to analyze how the halophilic archaea can adapt to the hypersaline environments. The pattern of halophilic archeae genomes microevolution for hypersaline enviroment adaption will also be analyzed. It will reveal that how the halophilic archaea adapt hypersaline environment through gene mutations and multi-gene interactions at the genomic level. Thus, we will have a further view of the metabolic pathways and the molecular mechanism of the adaption of halophilic archaea to the hypersaline environments

环境适应机制研究是极端环境微生物的研究热点。项目申请者一直致力于对新疆盐湖的嗜盐古菌研究，本项目在前期工作基础上，以新疆阿尔金山地区阿牙克库木盐湖为研究材料来源，以实验室前期分离并鉴定的嗜盐古菌新种Natrinema altunense 为研究对象，采用基因组学、转录组学、比较基因组学、生物信息学，结合基因芯片以及现代分子生物学的研究方法，探索嗜盐古菌的适应高盐环境的基因组微进化规律，解析嗜盐古菌在盐适应微进化中多基因作用机制，揭示嗜盐古菌是如何在基因组水平上通过基因突变和多基因交互作用改变盐适应性状以适应环境变化，进一步加深我们对嗜盐古菌嗜盐的代谢途径和分子机制的认识。

环境适应机制研究是极端环境微生物的研究热点。本课题在前期工作基础上，以新疆阿尔金山地区阿牙克库木盐湖为研究材料来源，以实验室前期分离鉴定的嗜盐古菌为研究对象，采用基因组学、比较基因组学、生物信息学等研究方法，探索嗜盐古菌在高盐环境的基因组适应机制，揭示嗜盐古菌是如何在基因组水平上通过多基因交互作用改变盐适应性状以适应环境变化。研究发现了嗜盐古菌中存在的一些适应高海拔、高盐、低温环境的特殊功能基因，完善的基因组修复机制和CRISPRs位点，进一步加深了我们对嗜盐古菌在极端环境中的适应性机制的认识。