煤矸石外场辅助燃烧合成Sialon材料反应机理及性能研究

This project is based on the resource recovery of coal mine solid waste and the preparation of Sialon materials through field-assisted combustion synthesis reaction using coal gangue as raw materials. The thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics such as the reaction enthalpy, the reaction wave velocity, the mass and heat transfer essence and the energy equilibrium in the combustion synthesis process were revealed. Particular emphasis was put on the effects of the field and microwave-assisted conditions on the combustion synthesis reaction process and of the material microstructure and the properties of reaction products. The field-assisst combustion synthesis reaction kinetic model is offered, and the influence of coal gangue chemical component characteristics and field-assisted combustion synthesis process parameters on Sialon material product conversion rate were investigated. It is of great scientific significance and application importance to the high-efficiency, energy-saving and pollution-free coal mine solid waste resource recovery technology and the development and application of low cost Sialon composite materials.

本项目立足于煤矿固体废物的资源化利用，以煤矸石为原料采用外场辅助燃烧合成技术制备Sialon材料，揭示外场辅助条件下燃烧合成反应过程中反应焓变、反应波速率、传质传热本质及能量平衡等热力学和动力学特征，侧重研究电场和微波辅助条件对燃烧合成反应过程的影响以及对反应产物的微观结构和性能的影响，建立外场辅助燃烧合成反应的动力学模型，探讨煤矸石原料化学组分特征和外场辅助燃烧合成工艺参数对Sialon材料产物转化率的影响规律。对研究开发高效、节能和无污染的煤矿固体废物资源化技术和低成本Sialon复合材料的开发应用具有较大的科学意义和应用价值。

本项目揭示了煤矸石外场辅助燃烧合成Sialon材料的结构形成机制和反应机理，获得了煤矸石燃烧合成Sialon材料晶粒的形成符合平滑界面的台阶生长机制。掌握了煤矸石燃烧合成Sialon材料的稳态合成条件及其产物特性，以煤矸石为原料采用燃烧合成技术燃烧产物是β-Sialon及多型体Sialon复相材料。研究发现微波场提供了有效激活煤矸石反应体系燃烧合成反应的外部能量。在0.5MPa的低氮气压下以煤矸石为原料采用微波辅助燃烧合成方法合成了Sialon复合材料。研究发现了原料煤矸石的活化、氮气压力和添加剂对煤矸石燃烧合成Sialon材料的反应过程具有显著影响。为更有效利用煤矸石探索出了一条煤矸石资源化循环利用的新路线。