轻组分在原油非稳态压力流中的作用机理研究

The dissolution of the light components results in significant changes in the physical properties of the crude oil, and further affects the unsteady compressible flow. In this project, we study the mechanism of the light components in the unsteady pressure flow of crude oil, and lay the theoretical foundation for the safe transportation of the crude oil pipeline and the accurate measurement in oil production of the oil & gas wells based on diagrams..The simulated oil based on single or combination of paraffin, colloid and asphaltene is prepared, the rheological properties of the simulated oil after dissolving C1~C4 are analyzed and the mechanism of the dissolution of light components on the rheological properties of crude oil is explained. Then, based on high pressure microscopy system, the influence of the dissolution of light components on the microscopic particles of static wax crystals in crude oil is analyzed and the variation laws about the waxy particles with the dynamic dissolution process of the light components are observed by controlling the dynamic dissolution and escape process of the light components. And by setting up six factors included the components of C1~C4, temperature and pressure with pressure sealed rheometer and closed volume monitoring system, the rheological properties, elastic modulus and shrinkage of crude oil in different factors are also measured. Next, the Rheological Equation and Volume Elastic Modulus Description Equation of crude oil related six factors are established to quantify the relationship between the internal pressure of the confined space and the escaped amount of light components. Finally, combined the laws of pore filling and light components dissolution in unsteady flow stage, the unsteady compressible flow model of crude oil dissolved light components can be established and the influence of light components on unsteady pressure flow of crude oil is analyzed.

轻组分的溶解与析出会导致原油物性变化，进而影响其非稳态流动特性。本课题拟研究轻组分在原油非稳态压力流中的作用机制，为解决油气工业中原油生产与输送过程存在的复杂流动问题提供理论支撑。.配制以石蜡、胶质、沥青质等成分为基础的模拟油，研究其溶解轻组分后的流变特性，探索轻烃与原油重组分的作用机制，阐释轻组分对原油流变性的影响机理；借助高压显微系统，研究轻组分动态溶解、稳定溶解对原油微观蜡晶结构的影响，结合分子动力学理论阐释轻组分对原油物性的影响机制。借助带压密闭流变仪与密闭体积监测系统，设置轻组分、温度、压力等因素，测试原油流变性、体积弹性模量与收缩量，基于流体相平衡理论，建立关联各影响因素的原油流变方程与体积弹性模量描述方程，量化密闭空间内压与轻组分逸出量的关系。结合非稳态流动阶段的孔隙充填与轻组分溶解规律，建立溶解轻组分原油非稳态流动模型，探索轻组分对原油非稳态可压缩流动的影响机制。

原油生产和输送过程中必然面临轻组分的析出和溶解，导致原油物性变化，进而影响其非稳态流动特性，流动参数计算难度极大。为探究轻组分在原油非稳态压力流中的作用机制，本课题开展了以下几方面研究并取得了相关成果：（1）配制以石蜡、胶质、沥青质等成分为基础的模拟油，研究了其溶解轻组分后的流变特性，探索了轻烃与原油重组分的作用机制，阐释了轻组分对原油流变性的影响机理；（2）借助高压显微系统，研究了轻组分动态溶解、稳定溶解对原油微观蜡晶结构的影响，结合分子动力学理论阐释了轻组分对原油物性的影响机制；（3）借助带压密闭流变仪与密闭体积监测系统，设置轻组分、温度、压力等因素，测试了原油流变性、体积弹性模量与收缩量，基于流体相平衡理论，建立了关联各影响因素的原油流变方程与体积弹性模量描述方程，量化了密闭空间内压与轻组分逸出量的关系；（4）结合非稳态流动阶段的孔隙充填与轻组分溶解规律，建立了溶解轻组分原油非稳态流动模型，探索了轻组分对原油非稳态可压缩流动的影响机制。本课题研究成果为解决油气工业中原油生产与输送过程存在的复杂流动问题提供理论支撑。