色散陀螺谐振腔中背向散射调控及对测量极限精度的影响

Mode broadening induced by the backscatter noise in the gyroscope’s resonator at the low rotation rate, producting dead band effect. Based on the effect mechanism of optical dispersion on resonance linewidth, the present project mainly studies the mechanism of dispersion modulation backscatter of resonant mode in the dispersive resonator. A novel high-precision measurement by using mode broadening is proposed to detect the rotation rate and the dead band at the low rotation rate is eliminated. Detuning the external pump light for rubidium atomic vapor to control dispersive relation, the normal dispersion enhances the response of reflectivity of dispersive cavity to detuning probe frequency. The rule of dispersion modulation backscatter of the resonant mode is revealed, and the nonlinear relationship between the resonant mode broadening and the rotation angular velocity of the gyroscope is explained. Exploring the mechanism of chiral symmetry breaking for clockwise and counterclockwise modes in the dispersion resonator to enhance the controllability of chiral modes. It is significant to promote the development of optical atomic precision measurement technology in inertial navigation in field.

光学陀螺在低旋转速度下谐振腔中背向散射噪声将引起谐振模式的展宽，产生“死区”效应。本项目基于光学色散效应对谐振线宽的影响机理，研究色散调控谐振腔中光波谐振模式的背向散射机制，通过测量谐振模式的展宽提出了一种高精度的测量陀螺旋转角速度的方式，同时消除了陀螺在低转速下的“死区”效应。通过外加泵浦光场调控充满铷原子气的色散介质腔镜的色散关系，利用正常色散增强色散介质腔镜的反射率对失谐频率的响应。揭示色散调控谐振腔中光波谐振模式背向散射的规律，阐明背向散射导致的谐振模式展宽与探测陀螺旋转角速度的非线性关系。探索色散对谐振腔的顺时针和逆时针光波模式手性对称破缺的调控机制，提高手性模式的可控性。该研究对开发惯性导航器件，推动光原子精密测量技术发展具有重要意义。

作为惯性导航关键器件的陀螺仪被誉为飞行控制的“大脑”，是决定下一代远程空间飞行任务成功与否的关键。陀螺仪在兼顾高精度的同时小型可集成化的需求越来越迫切。本项目基于光学色散效应对谐振线宽的影响机理，研究色散调控谐振腔中光波谐振模式的背向散射机制，通过测量谐振模式的展宽提出了一种高精度的测量陀螺旋转角速度的方式，同时消除了陀螺在低转速下的“死区”效应。我们探索了谐振腔的顺时针和逆时针光波模式手性对称破缺的调控机制，提高手性模式的可控性。利用非厄米光学系统在奇异点处输出量与扰动量非线性相互作用的敏感关系，可解决微纳光学陀螺的关键瓶颈问题，该研究对开发惯性导航器件，推动光原子精密测量技术发展具有重要意义。