环境友好的电力设备理论与关键技术

Environmental friendly problem has become one of the most important problems in the world. And, it is significant to develop environmental friendly power equipment theory and key technology for social sustainable development. The objective of this project is to systematically investigate insulating technology, eco-friendly current-limiting technology and breaking technology in vacuum based on eco-friendly power equipments. Firstly, Charge transportation and space charge accumulation characteristics and mechanisms of dielectrics coupled with temperature and electric field will be investigated based on eco-friendly nanocomposites. Secondly, a novel hybrid current-limiting principle based on electromagnetic environment friendly liquid metal current limiter is proposed which can be applied in medium and low voltage DC system. Current transfer mechanism of high current transfer technology of hybrid current limiting will be studied in the project. And the relationship between the insulation recovery performance of power electronic switching components and transient recovery voltage will be also investigated. Thirdly, vacuum insulation performance, high current vacuum arc performance, vacuum arc breaking performance on capacitive.switching and intelligentization of vacuum switch will be investigated based on eco-friendly vacuum circuit breaker.

环境友好问题已经成为全世界最为关注的问题之一，研究环境友好型电力设备理论与关键技术对社会可持续发展具有重要意义。本项目的研究目标是针对发展环境友好型电力设备存在的绝缘技术、电磁环境友好限流技术及真空开断技术进行深入系统的研究。以环境友好纳米复合材料为基础，围绕其空间电荷积聚过程，研究温度和电场耦合作用下材料的电荷输运和空间电荷积聚特性和机理；以电磁环境友好液态金属限流器为基础，提出一种可用于中低压直流领域的新型混合式限流原理，获得电流转移型混合式限流技术中大电流转移的内在机理及机械开关和电力电子开关元件绝缘恢复特性与电路瞬态恢复电压之间的匹配关系；以环境友好真空断路器为基础，研究输电等级真空灭弧室真空绝缘特性、大电流真空电弧特性、容性负载情况下真空电弧开断特性和高电压等级真空开关设备智能化。

环境友好问题已经成为全世界最为关注的问题之一，研究环境友好型电力设备理论与关键技术对社会可持续发展具有重要意义。本项目针对发展环境友好型电力设备存在的绝缘技术、电磁环境友好限流技术及真空开断技术进行深入系统的研究。以聚酯和聚酯亚胺为基体，以铜板为基板，选择纳米SiO2作为纳米填料，利用机械搅拌和超声相结合的方式提高了纳米粒子在基体中的分散性，得到了优于市售漆包线漆的纳米复合绝缘漆的制备方法和工艺条件。与原漆相比，纳米复合绝缘漆的附着性明显增强。以电磁环境友好液态金属限流器为基础，围绕液态金属限流器中电弧演变机制及特性，采用仿真与试验结合的方法，获得了液态金属中电弧放电特性和内在规律，由于电弧等离子体运动速度极快，在电流变化过程中可认为是准稳态电弧，其电气特性遵循与电流唯一的对应关系。以环境友好真空断路器为基础，建立了真空电弧的二维轴旋转对称MHD模型，得到阳极熔坑演化规律，及电流大小和磁场强度对电弧输运特性的影响。