原位制备无机纳米晶/共轭聚合物杂化材料及其光伏性质研究

The project will focus on in situ preparation and photovoltaic property of hybrid materials based on inorganic nano crystals and conjugated polymers. The conjugated polymer precursors, which consist of thiophene, benzothiadiazole or diketopyrrolopyrrole units in the back bone and cadmium thiolates or lead dithiocarbamato complexes in the side chains, will be designed and synthesized. The hybrid film based on inorganic nano crystals and low band gap conjugated polymers can be generated in situ from the precursor polymers. The thin film hybrid solar cells with the hybrid film as active layer will be prepared and characterized. The strategy that in situ generation of the hybrid active film in the photovoltaic device will ensure the regular phase separation of the active layer in nano scale, enlarge the interface contact of conjugated polymers and inorganic nano particles, accelerate the transfer of the excitons and reduce the charge recombination. Furthermore, the low band gap polymer generated in situ in the active layer will enhance the light harvest ability of the hybrid active layer in the device. The smooth running of the project will let us have a further recognization for the structure-properties relationship of the hybrid materials, develop a method which can be used to optimized the photovoltaic property of the hybrid film, promote the future commercial applications development of the hybrid thin film solar cells.

本项目拟采用原位法制备无机纳米晶/共轭高分子杂化材料并研究其光电转化性能。设计、合成一系列主链含有噻吩、苯并噻二唑、吡咯并吡咯二酮等结构单元，侧链含有二巯基镉、二硫代氨基甲酸铅等结构的共轭聚合物作为前体聚合物，并由该前体聚合物原位生长基于窄带隙聚合物以及无机纳米晶的杂化膜，以此杂化膜作为薄膜杂化太阳能电池活性层并研究其光电转化性能。通过前体聚合物原位生成杂化太阳能电池器件活性层的方法，保证器件活性层在纳米尺度具有均匀分散性，增大共轭聚合物与纳米晶的界面接触，加快由光子激发所产生电荷的转移速度，减少电荷在传输过程中的复合，活性层中原位生成的窄带隙共轭聚合物还可以增加器件中杂化活性层的光采集性能。课题的顺利开展将加深对光电杂化薄膜结构性能关系的认识，开展一种系统优化杂化薄膜光电性能的方法，并推动有机无机薄膜杂化太阳能电池向实用化发展。

本项目采用原位法制备无机纳米晶/共轭高分子杂化材料并研究其光电转化性能。在项目执行过程中，设计、合成一系列主链含有噻吩、苯并噻二唑、吡咯并吡咯二酮等结构单元，侧链含有二巯基镉、二硫代氨基甲酸铅等结构的共轭聚合物作为前体聚合物，并由该前体聚合物原位生长基于窄带隙聚合物以及无机纳米晶的杂化膜，以此杂化膜作为薄膜杂化太阳能电池活性层并研究其光电转化性能。我们研究发现：通过采用前体聚合物原位生成杂化太阳能电池器件活性层的方法，可以保证器件活性层在纳米尺度具有均匀分散性，增大共轭聚合物与纳米晶的界面接触.通过拓宽窄隙聚合物的吸收光谱，可以增加器件中杂化活性层的光采集性能。基于目前制备的材料，杂化电池能量转化效率达到3.47%.在下一步工作中，拟通过优化活性层形貌及界面层结构等手段进一步提高器件能量转化效率。