环保型无磷纳米粒子阻垢剂的制备及其环境影响的研究

Mineral scale deposition can cause a significant economy loss and the environmental impact, both nationally and internationally. In order to control scale threat, scale inhibitor chemicals have been widely used in the industry. Recent studies suggest that compared with traditional inhibitor chemical, scale inhibitor nanoparticles can inhibit scale deposition more effectively with an enhanced scale inhibition time. However, a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of nanoparticle inhibition effect and its environmental impact is still unavailable. In addition, the existing inhibitor nanoparticles normally contain the element of phosphorus, which is harmful to the environment. Thus, it remains unanswered whether it is feasible to prepare an environmentally friendly phosphorus-free scale inhibitor nanoparticle and further to study its inhibition effect and its potential environmental impact. We have already investigated a number of synthesis routes to prepare stable inhibitor nanoparticles and effectively evaluated multiple physicochemical properties of the prepared materials. Therefore, this project aims at preparing stable phosphorus-free scale inhibitor nanoparticles by adopting the synthesis routes of polymer-hybrid and ultrasound-dispersion. In addition, this study will also study the inhibition effect and evaluate the potential environmental impact of the prepared nanoparticles, especially the transport behavior and adsorption-desorption characteristics in different environmental media. This study will provide theoretical foundation and scientific evidence for large-scale industrial application of inhibitor nanoparticles. This study will provide technical support for mineral scale control in China.

无机盐水垢沉积在我国乃至全世界范围内会造成巨大的经济损失和环境影响。为控制水垢沉积造成的危害，化学阻垢剂被广泛地应用于工业生产过程中。最新研究表明，纳米粒子阻垢剂与化学阻垢剂相比能更加有效地抑制水垢沉积，显著地提高水垢抑制时间。然而，纳米粒子阻垢剂的水垢抑制效果及其可能的环境影响尚缺乏系统研究。另外，已有的纳米粒子阻垢剂多含有对环境有害的磷元素。那么，是否可能合成环保型无磷纳米粒子阻垢剂？研究其水垢抑制效果及其环境影响？本项目拟采用高分子交联法与超声分散法合成在水溶液中稳定的无磷纳米粒子阻垢剂并研究纳米粒子的水垢抑制效果并评估其环境影响，特别是在不同环境介质中的迁移性与吸附解吸附性。该研究成果可为纳米阻垢剂材料的工业应用提供理论基础和科学依据，为我国在无机盐水垢抑制领域的研究提供技术支持。

无机盐水垢沉积在我国乃至全世界范围内会造成巨大的经济损失和环境影响。为控制水垢沉积造成的危害，化学阻垢剂被广泛地应用于工业生产过程中。最新研究表明，纳米粒子阻垢剂与化学阻垢剂相比能更加有效地抑制水垢沉积，显著地提高水垢抑制时间。然而，纳米粒子阻垢剂的水垢抑制效果及其可能的环境影响尚缺乏系统研究。另外，已有的纳米粒子阻垢剂多含有对环境有害的磷元素。那么，是否可能合成环保型无磷纳米粒子阻垢剂？研究其水垢抑制效果及其环境影响？针对上述两个问题，本项目采用高分子交联法与超声分散法合成在水溶液中稳定的无磷阻垢剂纳米材料并系统地表征了所合成的纳米材料。在此基础上，深入研究了纳米材料的水垢抑制效果以及该材料对阻垢剂的释放过程，确定了在静态与动态条件下阻垢剂的释放机制。并探究了纳米材料在多孔介质中的迁移性以及影响材料迁移性的理化因素。该研究成果可为阻垢剂纳米材料的工业应用提供理论基础和科学依据，为在无机盐水垢抑制领域的研究提供技术支持。