传统村落景观感受机制与旅游激励规划模式

The common law of landscape perception value, the win-win tourism development mechanism, and the sharing landscape space mode among villagers and tourists are explored to search the triple-improving coupling mechanism principle and establish the triple commensalism theory and method of traditional village landscape conservation and development. I. Taking traditional village landscape’s physical, ambiance, and behavioural contexts and the corresponding 3 Levels (comfort level, joyfulness level, activeness level) as value assessment criteria to excavate the common law of landscape perception value between tourists and villagers; II. Quantifiable testing and analysing the physical, physiological, psychological, and behavioural preference indexes to extract the common 3 Characteristics of landscape regionality, adaptability, and authenticity; constructing the interactive relation model among traditional village’s 3 Levels, 3 Characteristics, and villagers – tourists spatial behaviour perception to confirm the principal of win-win mechanism; III. Mass sample actual testing and landscape context simulation; 3 classes and 9 types sharing planning modes are presented from planning trilism of background protection, activity organization, and construction optimization. Expected achievements: the discovery of common value perception theory of traditional village tourism and landscape interaction, the construction of landscape and perception coupling mechanism of villagers tourists win-win, the presentation of tourism incentive planning mode by the sharing of villagers and tourists, and the promotion of traditional village landscape 3 Levels value, the perception improvement of 3 Characteristics, and the improvement of trilism construction.

发掘村民与游客共同的景观感受价值规律、共赢的旅游发展机制、共享的景观空间模式，寻找三共一体、耦合促进的机制原理，创立传统村落景观保护与发展的三元共生理论方法。①以传统村落景观物理、氛围、行为三情境及其对应的舒适度、愉悦度、活跃度为三度价值评价标准，发掘村民与游客共同的景观感受价值规律；②量化测定分析传统村落景观感受的物理、生理、心理、行为偏好指标，提取村民和游客共同具有的景观地域性、适应性、原真性的三性特征，建立传统村落景观三度价值、三性特征与村民游客空间行为感受的互动关系模型，确定共赢机制原理；③大样本实测和景观情境模拟，从背景保护、活动组织、建设优化三元提出传统村落3类9种共享的景观空间规划模式。预期成果：发现传统村落村民与游客共同的景观感受价值规律，构建村落保护与旅游发展的共赢机制，提出村落与旅游共享的景观空间规划模式，对传统村落景观提升其三度价值、强化其三性感知、优化其三元建设。

在国家乡村振兴战略及乡村旅游产业迅速发展的时代背景下，课题以传统村落的价值分析论证为基础、以旅游产业为切入、以景观感受评价为媒介，围绕传统村落旅游激励下的景观价值-机制-模式三元耦合关系展开研究。课题组对上海革新村、金泽古镇、朱家角、江苏同里古镇、浙江诸葛八卦村、西塘、乌镇、安徽西递、宏村，江西篁岭村、云南沙溪寺登村、四川阿坝桃坪羌寨等传统村镇的景观特征及旅游发展进行了深入调研，研究成果包括理论研究、机制构建、规划设计三个方面：(1)发现了传统村落旅游与景观互动的价值感知理论：基于景观感受行为的视角，对传统村落旅游发展下的价值构成、价值载体和价值特征进行了分析评价；运用风景园林小气候指标测定与模拟平台、Ergolab人机环境同步系统、眼球跟踪测试仪、景观感知和场所依恋量表、GPS游览路径跟踪、人工智能行为识别等多种景观感受主客观评价的现代技术方法，对村民和游客感受的物理指标、生理心理指标和行为偏好进行了定量化测定，建立了传统村落景观舒适度、愉悦度、活跃度的三维三度价值构成体系。(2)构建了传统村落旅游驱动下的景观与感受互动机制：厘清了具有高感知价值的传统村落景观要素特征及时空分异规律，提取了整体改善提升传统村落景观空间感受质量的基本潜在的景观要素、空间模式和环境意向，构建传统村落景观三度价值与空间行为感受之间的互动关系模型，并重点探讨了游客和居民对于乡村景观的不同感知和场所依恋，进行了二者的空间冲突和行为冲突分析。(3)提出了传统村落景观旅游激励的规划新模式：基于传统村落景观价值与主客观景观环境互动关系，提出传统村落景观三度提升的三类九种规划模式：物理情境的再生模式、氛围情境的互生模式、行为情境的共生模式，并重点探讨了乡村社区居民参与的途径，提出了村民和游客的空间共享规划策略，为传统村落景观保护及价值利用提供规划依据。