乡村振兴背景下“生态宜居”的类型谱系及其形成机理研究 ——以江苏省为例

In addition to being the new objective of the governance of rural human settlements environment, ecological livability is also regarded as the key to the strategy of rural revitalization in the new era. Compared with previous studies that focus on urban livability, studies on rural livability in terms of perspectives and methods are expected to be further strengthened. In the context of the strategy of rural revitalization and starting with the recognition of ecological livability, this study carries out in-depth exploration of the scientific connotation, evaluation system and integration mode of ecological livability in the countryside, so as to construct a theoretical analysis framework for the comprehensive study of rural ecological livability. Being taken as a typical case, Jiangsu Province has undergone the comprehensive measurement of its different villages’ ecological livability with GIS and mathematical modeling technology. On this basis, the spatial type pedigree of rural ecological livability is geographically identified to reveal the spatial differentiation law of villages of different geographical types and to analyze the dominant factors and formation mechanism of the regional type differentiation of rural ecological livability, so as to put forward the mode and substantial measures of optimizing rural ecological livability construction. Apart from building a relatively sophisticated theoretical framework and methodological system for the study of rural ecological livability by further enhancing people's understanding of human settlements environment in rural space and expanding the theoretical research scope of rural geography, certain theoretical basis and decision-making reference can also be provided by this study for the current classification of rural ecological livability construction.

生态宜居是乡村人居环境治理的新目标，也是新时期乡村振兴战略规划的关键。相对以往侧重于城市层面的宜居性研究，乡村层面的宜居性研究在视角和方法上都有待加强。本研究将生态宜居放置于乡村振兴战略的大背景下，从生态宜居的概念认知出发，对乡村地域生态宜居的科学内涵、评价体系和集成方式进行深入探讨。在此基础上，以江苏省为典型案例地，利用数理统计、GIS空间分析和空间计量模型等方法，综合度量不同村庄的生态宜居程度，并根据自下而上与自上而下相结合的原则，对村庄生态宜居的类型谱系进行地理识别，揭示不同类型村庄的空间分布特征，剖析村庄生态宜居地域类型分异的形成机理，最后提出乡村生态宜居建设优化的模式和路径。研究将进一步深化人居环境学在乡村空间层面的认知，拓展乡村地理学的理论研究范畴，从而构建较为完善的乡村生态宜居研究的理论框架和方法论体系；也可为当前乡村生态宜居建设精准施策提供一定的理论依据和决策参考。

生态宜居是乡村人居环境治理的新目标，也是新时期乡村振兴战略规划的关键。在本项目的支持下，课题组从主观感知视角构建了乡村生态宜居综合评价指标体系，并基于调研数据揭示了乡村生态宜居性的影响机制。在此基础上，结合数据可获取性，聚焦生态宜居这一主题，我们进一步拓展了研究视角，围绕区域生态宜居性综合定量评价、区域生态风险评估和生态安全格局构建、区域生态环境与其他要素的耦合等方面进行了富有成效的探究。在项目的支持下，课题组共发表学术论文15篇，出版专著1部。总体而言，课题组探索性地构建一套较为完善的区域（乡村）生态宜居研究的理论框架和方法论体系，分析了乡村生态宜居满意度和城市宜居性分异的形成机理，深化了人居环境学在乡村和城市空间层面的认知，还探讨了区域生态安全格局的构建模式和构建路径，揭示了生态环境与多要素交互作用的耦合关系及其形成机制。相关成果可为不同地区、不同发展阶段的乡村有序开展生态宜居建设和村庄规划提供案例示范，也为中国宜居城市建设和美丽中国建设提供了丰富的实践参考和决策依据。