多功能电化学发光纳米材料的制备及其有机微污染物分析应用

Multifunctional electrochemiluminescence nanocomposite (MEN) is proposed to meet the need of development of various fields such as environment, biology and medicine. This project is aimed to design and synthesize MEN which can realize multifunctions such as magnetic separation, electrochemiluminescence detection, and molecular recognition at the same time by integrating the electrochemiluminescence quantum dots with magnetic nanoparticles using various methods such as doping, coupling and embedding. The effects of preparation method, the types of the nanocomposite, synthesis condition and functionalization method on the structure of the nanocomposite are investigated to obtain the relationship between the structure and the functions of the nanocomposite, as well as the rule and approaches to achieve MEN. An electrochemiluminescence method with high sensitivity and selectivity for the analysis of organic micropollutants is to be developed. MEN will provide new material, new technique and new method for the analysis of organic micropollutants.

单一功能的纳米材料难以满足环境、生物、医学等领域发展的需求，因此有必要开发多功能纳米材料。本项目通过掺杂法、偶联法、包埋法等方法将电化学发光量子点与磁性纳米粒子结合，制备可同时实现电化学发光检测、磁性分离及分子识别等多种功能的多功能电化学发光纳米材料。研究制备方法、纳米材料的类型、合成条件和功能化方法等因素对其结构的影响，探索结构与其电化学发光性能、磁性能及分子识别功能的关系，揭示获得多功能电化学发光纳米材料的规律和方法。利用多功能电化学发光纳米材料建立杀虫剂、酚类、硝基芳香类、多氯联苯类（PCBs）等有机微污染物高灵敏度、高选择性的电化学发光分析方法，为有机微污染物分析提供新材料、新技术和新方法。

为满足环境监测、生物分析、医学诊断等领域发展的需求，本项目主要围绕多功能电化学发光纳米材料的制备及其分析应用开展了如下工作：通过双修饰剂法制备半导体量子点等多功能电化学发光纳米材料，采用荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱、扫描电子显微镜、动态光散射等技术表征制得的纳米材料，所得的纳米材料可同时实现电化学发光检测和分子识别等功能。将多功能电化学发光纳米材料用于苯并芘、三硝基甲苯等有机污染物的检测，结果表明该方法灵敏度高、选择性好。因此利用多功能电化学发光纳米材料可建立多环芳香烃、硝基芳香烃、多氯联苯类（PCBs）等有机微污染物高灵敏度、高选择性的电化学发光分析方法，从而为有机微污染物分析提供新材料、新技术和新方法。