未来中国卫星重力计划的数值模拟及其对全球重力场反演的贡献

Breakthrough progress has been made in research and application of satellite gravity in the past ten years. Aiming at contributing to the scientific achievement of the satellite gravity, China is planning for its own mission. However, the expected precision of the recovered gravity field is unknown as it is constrained by the performance of the payload instruments. This proposal studies theory and algorithms to improve the precision of gravity field model, and investigates the influence of the payload design on the observational models, dynamic models and derived gravimetry parameters. Rigorous analysis of the error property of each instrument on the satellite payload will be performed and its impacts on raw observations will be analyzed. In the typical GRACE data analysis for the determination of gravity field and its changes, we introduce observation errors caused by the simulated uncertainty of payload instruments. The determined gravity field model could be compared with the reference model without simulated errors, thus the quantitative relationship between the gravity model and the payload instrument uncertainty could be derived. Based on the above mentioned relationship, we could simulate observation data of China’s satellite gravity mission, and its expected precision in gravity field determination could be derived. This research will help to improve the algorithm of satellite gravity determination. Related software, which is currently not available in our country, with various function of data simulation, data infusion of different gravity satellites and gravity field determination will contribute to the data processing and its application of China’s satellite gravity mission.

卫星重力在近10年取得了突破性的进展，我国的卫星重力计划也在积极推进中。中国的重力卫星计划在可能的载荷技术基础上能达到什么样的重力场反演水平？对国际前沿的重力场研究有没有贡献，贡献多少？这些问题需要进行相关的模拟研究来回答。本项目拟对GRACE卫星实测数据处理，反演高精度的重力场及其变化，研究输入的载荷误差特性与反演过程中观测模型、动力学模型和反演参数之间的定量关系。在此基础上数值模拟中国的重力卫星计划的各类观测数据和重力场反演预期精度。数值模拟联合中国未来的重力卫星和GRACE卫星观测数据恢复地球重力场精度和时空分辨率的能力。通过本研究建立卫星重力技术的有关算法，形成一套具有自主产权的模拟重力卫星各类实测数据和联合不同卫星观测数据恢复重力场模型的软件，对我国即将发射重力卫星及其应用研究具有重要的科学和应用价值。

卫星重力在近10年取得了突破性的进展，我国的卫星重力计划也在积极推进中。中国的重力卫星计划在可能的载荷技术基础上能达到什么样的重力场反演水平？对国际前沿的重力场研究有没有贡献，贡献多少？这些问题需要进行相关的模拟研究来回答。本项目对GRACE卫星实测数据处理，反演高精度的重力场及其变化，研究输入的载荷误差特性与反演过程中观测模型、动力学模型和反演参数之间的定量关系。在此基础上数值模拟中国的重力卫星计划的各类观测数据和重力场反演预期精度。数值模拟联合中国未来的重力卫星和GRACE卫星观测数据恢复地球重力场精度和时空分辨率的能力。通过本研究建立卫星重力技术的有关算法，形成一套具有自主产权的模拟重力卫星各类实测数据和联合不同卫星观测数据恢复重力场模型的软件，对我国的重力卫星及其应用研究具有重要的科学和应用价值，对我国其它的地轨卫星对地观测精密定轨和应用也有重要的应用。