基于车桥耦合作用力实时识别的桥梁快速测试方法及其诊断理论开发

How to perform rapid tests and diagnoses of numerous bridges in the highway networks is a worldwide challenging problem. A rapid bridge testing and diagnosis method is proposed based on the real-time identification of the vehicle-bridge interaction force. It uses the moving vehicle to excite bridge structures while using a non-contact micro-wave radar to measure the bridge displacement time histories. The theory development includes two aspects. The first one is to use advanced sensing technologies to monitor the motion information of wheels and then to reveal the complicated mapping relations between monitored data and the vertical wheel force through the Kalman filter method and deep learning theory. In such a case, the real-time vehicle-bridge-interaction force imposed on the bridge by the vehicle can be obtained. The other aspect is to develop an identification theory for deep-level structural parameters including the mode shape scaling factors and the displacement flexibility using monitored moving impacting forces and the bridge dynamic displacement. The innovation of this proposal is that it uses advanced technologies, such as tire motion information monitoring, the non-contact displacement measurement and a movable and continuous impact to achieve a convenient and rapid test of bridges. Furthermore, this proposed method is established on the profound theory of the deep-level parameter identification, such as the vehicle-bridge interaction force prediction, the structural scaling factor’s calculation and the flexibility identification. Thus, it has the potential to achieve the goal of rapid and reliable bridge test and diagnosis.

如何实现公路网上为数众多桥梁的快速测试与诊断，是国内外迫切需要解决的关键科学问题。本项目提出一种基于车桥耦合作用力实时识别的桥梁快速测试方法和诊断理论，它通过车辆本身移动式连续激励桥梁，同时通过微波雷达非接触式测量桥梁动态位移，从而实现“边移动、边激振、边测量”的快捷测试。本项目侧重于以下理论内容开发：一是利用先进传感技术监测车轮运动信息，通过卡尔曼滤波方法和深度学习理论揭示其与车轮力之间的复杂映射关系，从而实现车辆行驶下车桥耦合作用力的实时识别；二是利用所监测移动冲击力与桥梁动态位移，开发结构振型缩放以及位移柔度等深层参数识别理论，实现桥梁当前性能状况的可靠识别与诊断。本项目创新之处在于，它通过轮胎运动信息监测、非接触式位移测量、移动式连续冲击等先进技术实现桥梁快速测试，同时又建立在车桥耦合作用力反演、结构振型缩放和柔度识别等理论基础之上，因此可望实现快捷而又可靠的桥梁测试与诊断。

如何实现公路网上为数众多桥梁的快速测试与诊断，是国内外迫切需要解决的关键科学问题。本项目提出了一种基于车桥耦合作用力实时识别的桥梁快速测试方法和诊断理论，通过车辆本身移动式连续激励桥梁，同时通过微波雷达非接触式测量桥梁动态位移，从而实现“边移动、边激振、边测量”的快捷测试。本项目侧重于以下理论内容开发：一是利用先进传感技术监测车轮运动信息，通过卡尔曼滤波方法和深度学习理论揭示其与车轮力之间的复杂映射关系，从而实现车辆行驶下车桥耦合作用力的实时识别；二是利用所监测移动冲击力与桥梁动态位移，开发结构振型缩放以及位移柔度等深层参数识别理论，实现桥梁当前性能状况的可靠识别与诊断。本项目创新之处在于，它通过轮胎运动信息监测、非接触式位移测量、移动式连续冲击等先进技术实现桥梁快速测试，同时又建立在车桥耦合作用力反演、结构振型缩放和柔度识别等理论基础之上，因此可望实现快捷而又可靠的桥梁测试与诊断。本项目所提相关方法已经在泰州站前快速路桥梁中跨和扬州北橙子河大桥等多座桥梁当中进行试验应用。