Urethral stricture is often appeared in urethral injury or iatrogenic operation, it is also easy to narrow again after the operation and Long-term troubled patients, there is no exact method to prevent urethral stricture. Urethral stricture is mainly fibroblasts and connective tissue proliferation,1/Smad3 beta TGF- regulation relationship is closely related. Rapamycin as an immunosuppressive agent is widely used in organ transplantation, recently, the effects of rapamycin on cardiovascular disease can prevent restenosis. However, the prevention of urethral stricture, the mechanism is not yet clear, to be further in-depth study. Therefore, a hypothesis is proposed in this paper, that rapamycin can significantly inhibit the expression of TGF- beta 1/Smad3 signaling pathway in urothelium, and reduce the formation of urethral scar, In this study, we use clinical rapamycin eluting stent implantation in rabbit urethral stricture, by detecting the expression of TGF- beta 1/Smad3 in urethral stricture tissue, the effect of rapamycin on TGF- beta 1/Smad3 signaling pathway in rabbit urethral stricture was revealed. and the mechanism of its effect on urethral stricture was clarified. So as to provide theoretical and experimental basis for the clinical prevention of the new treatment strategy of urethral stricture, and has important practical value.
尿道狭窄多出现在尿道损伤或医源性操作后,手术后也易反复再狭窄,长期困扰患者,至今尚无确切方法预防尿道狭窄。尿道狭窄主要是成纤维细胞和结缔组织的增殖,和TGF-β1/Smad3调节关系密切。雷帕霉素作为免疫抑制剂广泛应用于器官移植,近来研究提示雷帕霉素在心血管疾病中,可防止血管再次狭窄,然而对于预防尿道狭窄,目前很少有相关报道,其机理也尚不明确,有待进一步深入。因此,本课题中提出一假设,即雷帕霉素能明显抑制尿路上皮TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路的表达,减少尿道疤痕形成。本研究采用临床上雷帕霉素缓释支架管,置入兔尿道狭窄模型中,通过检测尿道狭窄组织的TGF-β1/Smad3表达情况,揭示雷帕霉素在兔尿道狭窄中对于TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路的影响,阐明其对尿道狭窄的作用机制从而为临床预防尿道狭窄新的治疗策略提供理论和实验依据,具有重要实际价值。
尿道狭窄是泌尿外科治疗的难题之一,极易复发,其本质是尿道上皮和海绵体的广泛纤维化,瘢痕过度增生、收缩导致尿道管腔直径缩窄,随着尿道腔的进行性缩窄,会出现不同程度的梗阻症状。伴随着泌尿外科微创技术的发展,尿道狭窄的发病率逐年递增。虽然尿道扩张及DUIV较常用,可以暂时改善尿流率,但持续时间短,需再次手术治疗,重复的扩张或内切开可能加剧尿道瘢痕组织形成,使后续的治疗变得困难。尿道成形术是治疗复杂性尿道狭窄的金标准,但手术难度大,并有不少患者术后复发,易出现尿道狭窄、扩张操作或手术治疗、尿道再狭窄的恶性循环模式,严重影响患者生活质量。至于哪种治疗方式对尿道狭窄效果更好、风险更小、恢复更快,尿道狭窄形成的机制是什么,怎样去预防尿道再次狭窄,这些都是临床面临并亟待解决的问题。首先通过建立新西兰兔尿道狭窄模型,探寻一种经济、简便以及可重复性高的模型建立方法,然后在狭窄模型建立后置入雷帕霉素缓释支架,将雷帕霉素的药理作用及支架对尿道管状器官的机械支撑作用相结合,使药物持续、缓慢释放,局部形成恒定的药物浓度作用于尿道组织,观察能否预防电凝损伤后形成的尿道狭窄,并测量TGF-β1、Smad3等纤维化因子的表达情况。研究结果:实验中使用自制电凝设备在输尿管镜直视下点状环形电凝可成功建立尿道狭窄模型,成功率高、方法简便及可重复性高,并且狭窄组织中TGF-β1、Smad3、MMP1 mRNA及蛋白的表达增高,可作为尿道狭窄模型建立的有效方法。模型建立成功后,在输尿管镜直视下置入雷帕霉素缓释支架,发现雷帕霉素支架科预防电凝损伤引起的兔尿道狭窄,检测狭窄组织纤维化明显减轻,并且TGF-β1、Smad3表达下降,MMP1表达上调。因此推测其作用机制可能与雷帕霉素抑制尿道组织TGF-β1、Smad3及促进MMP1表达相关,药物缓释支架对尿道狭窄的预防有潜在的价值,值得进一步探究。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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