云南省边境地区弓形虫流行病学调查及生物学特性研究

Toxoplasmosis is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease and has not been controlled effectively. Study the biological characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii plays an important role in prevention and controlling the disease. Little information about the toxoplasmosis in main border areas of Yunnan province, China. In this study, epidemiology, molecular biology, and establishment of toxoplasmosis animal models will be performed for studying Toxoplasma gondii epidemiological study and biological characteristics in border areas of Yunnan province, China. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in human, pigs, mice and cats will be detailed by testing antibody that the serum samples from Mohan(border crossings of China and Laos), Qingshuihe(border crossings of China and Myanmar) and Jinshuihe(border crossings of China and Vietnam) of Yunnan province, China. Genotypes will analyzed by multilocus enzyme digestion and PCR-RFLP after extracting blood DNA of human, pigs, mice and cats. Cat and pig source Toxoplasma gondii strains will be isolated. Toxoplasmosis mice models will be established for virulence evaluation. Rat model of congenital toxoplasmosis in different periods of pregnancy will be established，and pregnancy outcomes will be analysised comprehensively. Biological characteristics of the cat and pig source Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from Yunnan Province will be preliminary clarify according above studies. This study will promote to diagnosis, prevention and control to toxoplasmosis, and find the source of infection to human hosts.

弓形虫病是一种危害严重的人兽共患寄生虫病，云南省特殊的地理位置和饮食习俗决定了弓形虫病在云南省防控的重要性，对弓形虫的生物学特性研究是防控该病的关键环节。本项目拟从种群结构及其生物学特性研究方面对云南主要边境地区弓形虫感染情况进行流行病学调查，从而填补弓形虫云南地理株分离及其生物学特性相关研究的空白。本项目拟从磨憨、清水河和金水河三个边境口岸采集人、猪、鼠和猫全血，检测弓形虫抗体，提取血液DNA，通过多位点酶切分析、PCR-RFLP技术分型鉴定其基因型，初步掌握云南主要边境地区弓形虫病血清流行病学状况和弓形虫种群结构；分离云南主要边境地区猫源和猪源弓形虫虫株，通过感染小鼠研究其毒力状况和建立不同妊娠时期的先天性弓形虫病大鼠模型并对妊娠结局进行综合分析，阐明所分离虫株的生物学特性。预期研究成果将为弓形虫病预防、诊断、治疗和感染溯源提供新的理论依据。

弓形虫病是一种危害严重的人兽共患寄生虫病，对弓形虫感染的流行病学调查和其生物学特性研究是防控该病的关键环节。课题对云南省三个边境地区人、猪、啮齿类动物进行弓形虫感染血清流行病学调查，发现人弓形虫感染率为7.84%，0-10岁和11-20岁年龄组之间，11-20和31-40岁年龄组之间，汉族和傣族之间，汉族和少数民族之间阳性率差异有统计学意义，其中云南墨江县新生儿弓形虫 IgG抗体总阳性率为17.36%；猪的弓形虫感染率为2.21%；西双版纳景哈地区啮齿动物弓形虫感染率为12.60%；填补了云南主要边境地区人、新生儿、猪、啮齿动物弓形虫感染血清流行病学调查研究资料；鉴定到2株ToxoDB # 137型弓形虫虫株，初步掌握云南主要边境地区的弓形虫种群结构；用大理猪弓形虫（ToxoDB#9）虫株感染小鼠进行毒力研究，发现大理猪弓形虫虫株感染昆明小鼠毒力弱于RH株；建立不同妊娠时期的先天性弓形虫病动物模型并对妊娠结局进行综合评价，初步阐明大理猪弓形虫虫株的生物学特性。