住宅的绿色信息披露对居民行为的影响机制及其福利效应研究

Promoting green housing is an important approach to implement green development concept, achieve high-quality housing and meet the people's needs for a better life. The Chinese government has enhanced the green information disclosure in the housing market through the green building certification, but residents’ awareness of green housing is still limited. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the influence mechanism and effect of different information on residents’ individual behavior and the macro market, so as to determine the effective information supply mode and channel. Following the main line of “information-behavior-welfare”, this project conducts questionnaire and field experiments to investigate the residents’ behavior in housing purchase, leasing and use, and thus identifies the influence mechanism of green information disclosure on residents' behavior, and measures the resulting welfare effect. This project will open the "black box" of information nudge mechanism by introducing the limitation and heterogeneity of residents' attention to information into the traditional rational decision-making model. This project will also establish an Agent-Based Model to conduct a panoramic analysis of the interaction mechanism between residents' behavior and living environment as well as the dynamic changes of welfare under information disclosure, which will serve as a "laboratory" for the simulation of policy effects and thus provide decision support for precise policymaking. In addition, this project will contribute to expanding the related theories in housing economics and promoting the interdisciplinary integration of economic management, behavioral science, and green building technology.

推广绿色住宅是贯彻绿色发展理念、实现高质量住有所居、满足人民美好生活需要的重要途径。政府通过绿色建筑认证加强了住宅市场的绿色信息披露，但居民对绿色住宅的认知依然有限。因此，有必要识别不同信息对居民个体行为及宏观市场的影响机制和效应，以判断有效的信息供给方式和渠道。本项目拟以“信息—行为—福利”为主线，聚焦居民的住宅购买、租赁、使用行为，通过问卷和实地实验深入探究绿色信息披露对居民行为的影响机制，并测算相应的福利效应。本项目将在传统理性决策模型中引入信息关注度的有限性和异质性，打开信息助推（Nudge）机制的“黑匣子”；建立基于主体模型（ABM），对信息披露下居民行为和居住环境的互动机制以及福利的动态变化进行全景式分析，作为政策效果模拟的“实验室”，为精准政策的制定提供决策支持。本项目对于拓展住房经济学相关理论研究，促进经济管理、行为科学和绿色建筑技术等学科的交叉融通，也具有重要意义。

发展绿色住宅对于碳中和目标的实现和城市宜居性的提升具有重要意义。政府通过绿色建筑认证加强了住宅市场的绿色信息披露，但居民对绿色住宅的认知依然有限。因此，有必要识别不同信息对居民个体行为及宏观市场的影响机制和效应，以判断有效的信息供给方式和渠道。本项目通过信息干预实验深入探究不同形式和内容的住宅绿色信息披露对居民的住房选择行为的影响；通过文献荟萃分析，识别了不同的绿色建筑认证的需求引导作用；通过模型模拟仿真围绕绿色认证和绿色效益两种信息对绿色住宅推广的作用进行全景式分析。另外，基于既有绿色建筑项目数据，探究了绿色建筑评价标识是否客观度量了建筑的绿色性能并获得市场认可。本项目的研究视角和方法还能够拓展到对住房市场中其他信息披露问题以及宜居环境对居民住房行为影响的研究。本项目研究成果可以为实现高质量住有所居、建设高品质生活城市的政策制定提供决策支持。