人工湿地处理含盐废水的植物-微生物耦合作用机理与调控

Constructed wetlands (CWs) with halo-resistant halophytes and microorganisms are moderately salinity tolerant and possess a huge application potential in saline wastewater treatment. However, current studies of its salt tolerance merely cover the botanical and microbiological roles in removal mechanism, and the removal efficiency cannot be stably controlled. Therefore, CWs have not been applied extensively in saline wastewater treatment yet. The plant absorptions, radial oxygen loss (ROL) and root exudates release will be studied in subsurface flow CWs under different salt stress to understand the response mechanism of halophytes. Intertidal wetland sediment will be added to the CWs as a major microbial inoculation source. Then, the microbial community structure, population and activity will be detected to understand the response mechanism of microorganism. Moreover, the interactions of halophytes and microorganism will be investigated and the response pathways will be discussed to make clear the removal mechanism of saline wastewater treatment. Finally, to realize a stable control of CWs removal efficiency, biological control will be carried out on the key steps of the response pathways for creating favorable environmental conditions of plants and microbes. This study will lay the foundation for application of CWs in saline wastewater treatment.

人工湿地系统由于耐盐植物及微生物的引入而具备一定的盐胁迫耐受性，在含盐废水处理领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前，耐盐植物与耐盐微生物如何应对含盐废水引发的盐胁迫进而发挥净化作用尚不明确，其净化效果不能实现稳定调控，成为人工湿地在含盐废水处理领域无法进一步推广应用的主要障碍。本项目拟以种植典型耐盐湿生植物的潜流人工湿地为对象，首先研究盐胁迫对植物根系吸收作用、植物泌氧溢碳功能的影响，揭示人工湿地中植物对盐胁迫的响应规律；以潮间带沉积物作为人工湿地微生物来源，研究盐胁迫下微生物群落、数量、活性变化，明确人工湿地中微生物对盐胁迫的响应机理；通过探讨植物与微生物的耦合作用，解析盐胁迫下人工湿地系统生物响应通路，明确人工湿地处理含盐废水的作用机制；最后针对响应通路的关键步骤进行生物调控，创造有利于植物及微生物的环境条件，实现人工湿地处理效果的稳定调控，为人工湿地技术在含盐废水处理领域的推广应用奠定基础。

人工湿地系统由于耐盐植物及微生物的引入对盐分具备一定的耐受能力，在含盐废水处理领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前，耐盐植物与耐盐微生物如何应对含盐废水引发的盐胁迫进而发挥净化作用尚不明确，其净化效果不能实现稳定调控，成为人工湿地在含盐废水处理领域无法进一步推广应用的主要障碍。本项目以种植典型耐盐湿生植物的潜流人工湿地为对象，首先研究盐胁迫对植物根系吸收作用、植物泌氧溢碳功能的影响，揭示人工湿地中植物对盐胁迫的响应规律；以潮间带沉积物作为人工湿地微生物来源，研究盐胁迫下微生物群落、数量、活性变化，明确人工湿地中微生物对盐胁迫的响应机理；通过探讨植物与微生物的耦合作用，解析盐胁迫下人工湿地系统生物响应通路，明确人工湿地处理含盐废水的作用机制。为人工湿地技术在含盐废水处理领域的推广应用奠定基础。