离子液体电沉积光亮铝镀层中电极/电解质界面调控的原位研究

The aluminum coatings obtained in ionic liquids are lack of metal luster, and the emission rate is higher, which weaken their performance for using as the bottom film of solar energy selective absorbing coatings seriously. To solve the above problem, this project aims at depositing standard bright aluminum coatings in the typical alkylimidazolinium chloride-AlCl3 ionic liquids by adding additives with electrochemical adsorption performance to regulate the electrode/electrolyte interface. The effect of additives on the electrode/electrolyte interface will be examined by an in situ experimental technique combined with electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, ultramicroelectrodes and in situ Raman spectroscopy. The relationship between the electrode/electrolyte interface structure and the morphology of deposits will be obtained. The mechanism of electrodeposition of bright aluminum coatings in ionic liquids with additives will be concluded finally. Furthermore,the regulation mechanism of screening of suitable additives for the deposition of bright aluminum coatings in ionic liquids will be established.

针对离子液体体系电沉积制备得到的铝镀层鲜有金属光泽，发射率较大，严重影响其用作太阳能选择性吸收涂层的底层薄膜这一问题，本项目拟选用具有电化学吸附性能的添加剂加入到性能优良的氯化烷基咪唑-AlCl3离子液体中来调控电极/电解质界面，从而沉积得到发射率达标的光亮铝镀层；并利用电化学石英晶体微天平、超微电极和电化学现场拉曼光谱组建的原位实验技术来研究添加剂对电极/电解质界面的调控规律，获得电极/电解质界面结构与沉积层形貌间的构效关系，揭示添加剂在离子液体电沉积光亮铝镀层中的作用机理，建立适用于离子液体体系的电沉积光亮铝镀层的添加剂调控机制。

离子液体中电沉积得到的铝镀层缺乏金属色泽，表面粗糙不光亮，影响了其工业应用。本项目按照研究计划，在可大规模制备的[Bmim]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7mol%) 离子液体中，通过筛选添加剂来调控电极/电解质界面，如期获得了镜面光亮铝镀层。搭建了电化学石英晶体微天平与拉曼光谱仪联用的原位装置，实时监测了离子液体电沉积光亮铝镀层中电极/电解质界面处活性物种的变化，获得了添加剂在离子液体电沉积光亮铝镀层中的作用机理。此外，从基础和应用两方面对研究工作进行了拓展。基础方面主要基于开发不需加入添加剂而可以直接沉积得到光亮铝镀层的离子液体电解质，研究结果揭示了氯铝酸离子液体中阳离子结构与铝镀层形貌间的构效关系；应用方面主要完成了在不同基体上沉积大面积铝镀层，探究了所得光亮铝镀层后处理工艺以及检测[Bmim]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7mol%)离子液体中添加剂浓度的快捷方法。这些研究为离子液体在电沉积铝镀层中的应用奠定了良好的基础。