番茄斑萎病毒属病毒优势种更替与传毒蓟马种间竞争的相关性

The viruses from genus Tospovirus caused significant losses in crop production and quality worldwide. The dominant species of Tospovirus Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Tomato zonate spot virus (TZSV) were circulated alternatively in Yunnan province, which have been causing substantial yield losses in vegetable, tobacco and other cash crops in recent years. Previous researches of this program showed that Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips palmi were the main vectors of TSWV and TZSV, respectively, and they have similarly distribution area, host plants, biology habit, population dynamics and so on. It is possible that the interspecific competition occurred between the two species of thrips. This program is to investigate the characters of the occurrence and prevalence of TSWV, TZSV and their vectors in the field, as well as to compare the transmission characteristics of F. occidentalis and T. palmi in laboratory condition. In order to better understand the effects of interspecific competition of the two vectors on TSWV or TZSV infected plants, we will also construct F. occidentalis and T. palmi interspecific competition system, comparing the interspecific competition of F. occidentalis and T. palmi under TSWV or TZSV infection under field or laboratory condition. The results would provide experimental foundation for effectively controlling the prevalence of TZSV and its vector F. occidentalis and T. palmi in Yunnan.

近年来，云南地区番茄斑萎病毒属病毒（Tospoviruses）优势种TSWV、TZSV交替发生，对当地蔬菜等经济作物生产构成了严重威胁。项目的前期研究结果表明，西花蓟马和棕榈蓟马是TSWV、TZSV的主要传毒介体，二者在云南的分布、寄主植物、种群季节变化有相似之处，易发生种间竞争。本项目拟在前期工作基础上，田间调查Tospoviruses云南主要发生区域TSWV、TZSV与传毒蓟马的发生流行特点，分析二者间的相关性，实验室条件下比较两种传毒蓟马在不同寄主植物上的传毒能力，构建两种传毒蓟马的种间竞争研究体系，深入研究两种蓟马在健康、感病寄主植物上独立生存时的种群动态和共存状态下的竞争过程、混合种群中两种蓟马雌雄比例的变化，及与此相关的生殖竞争，综合分析明确TSWV、TZSV的更替与传毒蓟马种间竞争的相关性，为有效监测与防控TSWV、TZSV及传毒蓟马在云南的发生流行提供理论指导和技术支撑。

番茄斑萎病毒属病毒可引起世界范围内多种农作物病害，番茄斑萎病毒（TSWV）、番茄环纹斑点病毒（TZSV）是该属病毒云南优势种。西花蓟马和棕榈蓟马是 TSWV、TZSV 的主要传毒介体，二者在云南的分布、寄主植物、种群季节变化有相似之处，易发生种间竞争。本项目通过田间调查 Tospoviruses 云南主要发生区域 TSWV、TZSV 与传毒蓟马的发生流行特点，发现Tospoviruses的发生与传毒介体蓟马的种群数量呈正相关关系，西花蓟马对TZSV、TSWV的获毒、传毒能力高于棕榈蓟马；通过构建健康、感病寄主植物--传毒蓟马的种间竞争研究体系，发现与棕榈蓟马相比，西花蓟马在种间竞争过程中处于绝对优势地位，从生殖力指标来看，棕榈蓟马的存在可使西花蓟马孤雌生殖产卵量升高，而西花蓟马的存在可使棕榈蓟马两性生殖及孤雌生殖产卵量降低。对Tospoviruses的主要介体西花蓟马的防治研究表明，与目前常用药剂吡虫啉相比，螺虫乙酯具有较高的防效及持效性，是一种较好的防治蓟马的新型农药。研究结果将为有效监测与防控Tospoviruses及传毒蓟马在云南的发生流行提供理论指导和技术支撑。