磁响应/自修复型多功能超润滑表面（SLIPS）的构建与性能研究

Nepenthes mirabilis-inspired slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) with intrinsically smooth in molecular scale has obvious advantages such as omnophobicity, self-healing property, pressure stability and enhanced optical transparency. This bio-inspired material exhibits broad application prospects in antifouling, liquid- and ice-repellent coatings, self-cleaning as well as oil-water separation fields. In this project, we aim at constructing a novel magnetic-responsive material with multiple self-healing and super slippery performances. The research will focus on revealing the forming mechanism of this novel biomimetic SLIPS material. The mechanism of multiple self-healing properties and the special surface physicochemical character will be systematic studied. By introducing the surface-modified nanoparticles (SiO2/Fe3O4) into functionalized fluorinated copolymers, the fluorinated nanocomposite copolymers will be obtained via in situ polymerization with acrylates containing disulfide bonds as cross-linking agent. Then the cross-linked nanocomposite will be infused with various kinds of lubricants, and SLIPS materials with long-term stability can be prepared. We will investigate the omniphobicity, anti-adhesive and self-cleaning properties of SLIPS and reveal the mechanism for the formation and super slippery of SLIPS surface. The smart response and multiple self-healing properties of the SLIPS should be achieved because of the magnetic-responsive property of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the translocation exchange reaction of disulfide bonds. On the basis of these studies, the application of SLIPS material will be expanded in marine coating, anti-icing, and chemical heat transfer aspects. Our investigation will provide theoretical foundation for preparing advanced super wetting materials through biomimetic methods.

仿猪笼草结构的SLIPS超润滑材料表面具有分子尺度的光滑，具有全方位疏液、自修复、抗压、透明度高等优点，在防污抗菌、防覆冰、自清洁、油水分离等领域显现出广阔的应用前景。本项目拟构建一种具有磁响应多重自修复性能超润滑材料，并对该新型仿生超润滑材料的形成机制、多重自修复机理以及特殊表面物理化学性能开展系统研究。将表面修饰后的纳米粒子（SiO2/Fe3O4）引入到功能化含氟共聚物中，利用含二硫键的双官能丙烯酸酯作为交联剂，制备以双硫键交联的含氟纳米复合共聚物，再以此为基材浸润/溶胀各种润滑剂得到持久稳定的超润滑表面，通过研究该材料表面的全疏液、抗粘附与自清洁性能，探讨SLIPS表面的形成与超润滑机理，利用纳米Fe3O4的磁响应性和二硫键的易位交换反应实现超润滑材料的多重自修复性，在此基础上进一步拓展SLIPS材料在海洋防污、防覆冰以及化工传热等领域的应用，为仿生制备高性能超润湿新材料提供理论依据

液体浸润的多孔超润滑表面（SLIPS）具有分子尺度的光滑，极低的滞后角以及全疏液、自清洁、防覆冰与防污等性能，在液体传输、传热、海洋防污与生物医疗等领域表现出巨大的应用前景。基于仿生设计思想，本项目通过离子交换、接枝改性、原位共聚以及本体聚合等方法将磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子引入聚合物基材中，构建了磁热/光热响应超润滑表面、磁性自润滑防覆冰涂层、磁性纳米粒子杂合自修复型超润滑表面以及UV响应高稳定性超润滑表面。系统研究了超润滑表面微相形貌、力学性能、润湿性能、自修复型、稳定性、响应性及防覆冰性能。考察了基材化学组成、物理结构与润滑剂分子组成对超润滑表面润湿性能与稳定性的相互关系。揭示了高稳定性、可自修复型超润滑表面的构建机理。探究了超润滑表面智能响应性能及表面润湿性能智能调控。新型相变润滑剂-氟代离子液体灌注的超润滑表面在磁场或光照条件下通过润滑剂的可逆相变，可实现表面润湿性能的可逆转变并智能调控表面液滴的运动行为。仿猪笼草型磁性超光滑涂层材料在相对湿度80%，-18℃的条件下，多元醇浸润表面延缓结霜时间长达2700 s，从而有效阻止了高湿低温环境中冰霜在表面上的形成。此外，经多元醇浸润的表面上过冷液滴的结晶温度可降低至-36.8℃且表面冰的附着力显著降低。此外，受贻贝的磁性粒子复合的超润滑表面自修复效率可达78.25%，且连续8次切断-自修复过程中，PG-MNP15的最大拉伸强度和自修复效率始终保持在1.63 MPa和65%以上。基材体系中的Fe3O4纳米粒子赋予了该表面光热响应自修复性能。对于UVRSs而言，多孔的基材结构能够有效提升润滑的存储量，增强润滑剂与基材之间的结合力，从而有助于构建超高稳定性的超润滑表面。UV响应下，聚合物基材本体内部润滑液的持续有效释放将极大促进超润滑表面在实际环境中的应用。总的来说，良好的自修复性能，物理/化学稳定性以及突出的润滑液自填充等多功能间的有效协同作用能够最大程度地维持超润滑材料的耐久性。该研究为仿生制备多功能智能响应自修复型超润滑表面提供了新思路以及理论依据。