锡铁山复杂铅锌矿开发利用过程中稀散元素的赋存、流向和富集规律研究

Qinghai Xitieshan Lead-Zinc ore deposit, which annual original ore rankes first in China, lies in the north margin of Qaidam basin. It is abundant of dispersed elements include Ga, In, Ge, which potential value is a great deal.As the central government has decided to develop the wide west and some of the elements are playing ever increasing roles in IT, electronics, optics and other fields, it is important that exploiting resources and comprehensive utilization of Xitieshan Zinc-Lead mines. Although the loss and waste of dispersed elements such as In, Ga and Ge is severely during current exploitation of Lead and Zine ores. In(Ga,Ge) forms a small number of independent In(Ga,Ge)-bearing minerals. The bulk of current In,Ga,Ge productions are from the refining of zinc ore. In(Ga,Ge) is an important by-product of Zn(Pb) metal processing operations. Indium and other metal values are recovered during the production of primary commodities such as zinc by means of complex procedures, many of which are proprietary to each producer. Zinc recovery method consists of leaching and purification prior to electrolytic recovery of zinc as cathodes and subsequent containment of the In(Ga,Ge) fraction in residues. Related processes for recovery of lead and tin from smelters and refineries also provide In(Ga,Ge) compounds. The project is direct interest to the geological chemistry, mineralogy of the ore and metallurgy. It relates to the occurrence state, flow distribution, enrichment regularities, the behaviour of coexistent minerals during mineral processing, and the behaviour of chemistry of dispersed elements (In,Ga and Ge) during the exploiting Xitieshan Zinc-Lead ore deposit.The exact method of quantitative analysis of dispersed elements in complex Lead-Zinc mine will be explored. This work will provide systematical data and scientific base for protection or comprehensive utilization of dispersed elements In, Ga, Ge of Xitieshan Zinc-Lead ore deposit. This project will play an important role in the inovation and development of processing of separation and recovery of dispersed elements.

青海锡铁山铅锌矿床是我国年采选矿量最大的铅锌矿，伴生的稀散元素镓、铟、锗含量高，潜在价值大。由于该铅锌矿矿石类型复杂，镓、铟、锗的赋存形式多样。在现行开发利用主要铅锌矿种过程中，铟、镓、锗的流失严重，亟需对伴生稀散元素的矿产资源特性、多元多相矿物的分离行为及提取过程的矿相演变规律与调控机制、选冶废弃物资源化利用开展基础科学研究。 本项目针对锡铁山铅锌矿资源，系统研究铅锌矿开发利用各个环节中稀散元素镓、铟、锗的赋存、流向和富集规律；研究在锡铁山铅锌矿开发利用过程中铟、镓、锗与铅锌矿中其它元素之间在不同化学环境下的相互作用、影响规律；分析镓、铟、锗在现行开发利用过程中的化学形态和化学活性变化机理。为促进复杂铅锌矿中稀散元素回收工艺的创新和发展，提高铅锌矿中稀散元素的综合利用水平，保护和开发复杂铅锌矿中铟、镓、锗等稀散元素资源提供基础研究数据和科学依据。