面向智能网联环境的快速路瓶颈区域通行能力分析与提升方法研究

This project aims at improving the capacity of expressway bottlenecks in the intelligent and connected traffic network. New traffic flow models will be developed to describe the traffic flow dynamics at the on-ramp merging area, off-ramp diverging area and the waving area on expressways when different development stages of the intelligent and connected traffic are considered. The models include the basic microscopic traffic flow models and the coordinated lane-changing models at bottlenecks for the intelligent diver assistance vehicles and the autonomous vehicles respectively. The proposed models will be validated and calibrated by real car experiments. Based on the numerical simulation analysis, the capacities of typical types of expressway bottlenecks in the intelligent and connected traffic network will be investigated. The relationships between flow, speed and density within the bottleneck areas will be analyzed and the theoretical capacity calculation model will be established for the expressway bottlenecks in the intelligent and connected traffic network. Finally, the methods of improving the capacity of expressway bottlenecks will be studied from two aspects: (i) optimizing the geometry of the bottleneck areas; and (ii) coordinating all vehicles’ movements within the bottleneck area. The project will contribute both to the development of expressway planning and designing theory in the intelligent and connected traffic environment, and the methodology foundation building as well.

本项目以智能网联环境下快速路瓶颈区域通行能力提升为目标，针对智能网联交通不同发展阶段的交通流特征，构建各发展阶段快速路系统内匝道合（分）流影响区和平面交织区等典型瓶颈区域的新型交通流模型，包括面向智能辅助驾驶车辆和自动驾驶车辆的基础微观动力学模型以及瓶颈区域协同换道动力学模型。应用真车模拟场景实验对智能网联交通流模型进行验证和标定。基于微观交通流数值仿真实验，对智能网联环境下快速路瓶颈区域的通行能力进行分析，研究瓶颈区域智能网联交通的流量、速度、密度三参数之间的关系，并提出瓶颈区域通行能力的理论计算模型。分别从瓶颈区域几何设计要素改善和“路-车”协同运行系统优化两个层面研究智能网联环境下快速路瓶颈区域通行能力的提升方法，为面向智能网联环境的快速路系统规划与设计理论的发展提供前瞻性、基础性方法论支撑。

本项目以智能网联环境下快速路瓶颈区域通行能力提升为目标，针对智能网联交通不同发展阶段的交通流特征，构建了各发展阶段快速路系统内匝道合（分）流影响区和平面交织区等典型瓶颈区域的新型交通流模型，包括面向智能辅助驾驶车辆和自动驾驶车辆的基础微观动力学模型以及瓶颈区域协同换道动力学模型。应用真车模拟场景实验对智能网联交通流模型进行了验证和标定。基于微观交通流数值仿真实验，对智能网联环境下快速路瓶颈区域的通行能力进行了分析，研究了瓶颈区域智能网联交通的流量、速度、密度三参数之间的关系，并提出了瓶颈区域通行能力的理论计算模型。分别从瓶颈区域几何设计要素改善和“路-车”协同运行系统优化两个层面研究了智能网联环境下快速路瓶颈区域通行能力的提升方法。研究表明，合理的匝道汇入控制能够提高车辆平均汇入速度25%，使平均油耗降低31.4%；阶梯式换道的下匝道控制策略能够有效提升下匝道影响区的通行效率和安全性，引入智能网联车辆能够提升混合交通流的通行能力。项目研究成果为面向智能网联环境的快速路系统规划与设计理论的发展提供前瞻性、基础性方法论支撑。