短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器噪声机理研究

Shortwave infrared detection has important applications requirements such as space remote sensing, night vision, space astronomy and so on. It's very important to research the noise mechanism of InGaAs shortwave infrared focal plane arrays for promoting the detection capability especially in weak signal detection conditions. This project will aim to study the physical noise mechanism both for lattice-matched and wave-extended InGaAs focal plane arrays with different types, and research the origination of noise mechanism. Special attentions will be played in the coupling interface of InGaAs detectors and readout integrated circuit and obtain the coupling noise, and the compatience between parameters of the InGaAs detector and ROIC will be analyzed in order to achieve the low noise design method. Relationship between the crosstalk, uniformity and the noise will be studied to obtain the optimization parameters of independently developed InGaAs focal plane arrays, which will be helpful to provide the theoretical basis for the development of infrared detection.

短波红外探测在航天遥感、微光夜视、空间天文等领域有重要需求，研究短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器的噪声机理，对短波红外弱信号探测能力的提升具有十分重要的意义。本项目基于不同类型、不同波长短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器，构建其噪声物理模型，结合光敏芯片和读出电路设计和性能，明确其噪声来源和影响因素；揭示短波红外InGaAs焦平面的噪声机理，特别关注光敏芯片与读出电路耦合过程中，光敏芯片参数与读出电路参数耦合的适配性，提取耦合接口噪声，获得降低短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器噪声的方法；分析焦平面的均匀性、串音等与噪声的关系，获得自主研制的InGaAs焦平面探测器优化工作参数，为红外探测领域的发展提供理论基础。

短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器在航天遥感、微光夜视、空间天文等领域有重要需求，未来正在向高光谱应用、弱信号探测、高密度大面阵等方向发展。研究短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器的噪声特性有利于推动探测能力的发展，特别是在弱信号应用条件下。本项目定量分析了短波红外InGaAs焦平面噪声特性，主要从光敏芯片引入的噪声、读出电路引入的电子噪声以及光敏芯片与读出电路耦合噪声三个方面开展研究，建立了InGaAs焦平面噪声模型，明确了焦平面噪声主要来源于焦平面耦合噪声和探测器噪声，焦平面耦合噪声由探测器电容和电路设计参数影响，而探测器噪声由探测器暗电流和工作温度影响。本项目特别关注光敏芯片与读出电路耦合过程中，光敏芯片参数与读出电路参数耦合的适配性，提取了耦合接口噪声，获得了降低短波红外InGaAs焦平面探测器噪声的方法，实现了自主研制的InGaAs焦平面探测器优化工作参数，为红外探测领域的发展提供理论基础。