基于石墨烯的聚集诱导发光荧光探针的研究

Fluorescence optical probe is an important area in theoretical research and practical application of biosensors. The aggregation induced emission (AIE) fluorescence probe, which is the academic frontier in biosensor, may overcome the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect in sensing process. A new kind of graphene-based AIE fluorescence probe will be synthesized following the “disconnection-signal output” conception, to further improve the selectivity and in situ detection performance of the probe. Considering the excellent physical and chemical properties, graphene materials is the appropriate candidate to construct such supported AIE fluorescence probe. The covalent bonds between AIE molecules and graphene will be cut off through the specific recognition, leading to the display of fluorescence signals through the aggregation of AIE molecules. Such design will also solve problems of AIE molecules’ dispersed state in high concentration solvent, as well as the supports’ nonspecific adsorption of AIE and targeted substances. While the energy/electron transfers between the support and AIE molecules may reduce the background fluorescence signal, which contribute to the enhancement of the hybrids’ signal-to-background ratio. The purpose of this project is not only to provide a necessary method to construct sensitive, easy-prepared, cost-effective “turn-on” graphene-based AIE fluorescence probe, but also facilitate the research and application of graphene in sensing materials.

荧光光学探针是目前生物传感理论及应用的重要研究领域，探索具有聚集诱导发光(AIE)机制的新型荧光探针是该领域极具价值与潜力的研究方向，可从根本上克服传统荧光探针存在的聚集荧光淬灭难题。为进一步提升荧光探针的选择性和原位检测性能，申请人提出 “断键-信号输出”的设计思路，结合石墨烯的优异物理化学性质，将石墨烯与AIE分子共价结合，再经专一性分子识别断开共价键，实现特异性检测；并通过石墨烯与AIE分子间能量/电子转移消除自身荧光信号干扰，解决AIE分子在溶剂中高浓度分散和石墨烯对AIE分子及待测物质的非特异性吸附等关键性问题，提高荧光探针的信背比，制备出灵敏度高、选择性好、检测便捷且成本低廉的新型“turn-on”模式荧光探针，为解决现有荧光检测技术瓶颈提供理论基础，并将进一步拓展石墨烯材料应用于化学、生命科学等学科的研究思路。

利用石墨烯及其衍生物的二维结构、易于化学改性等特点，通过静电吸引、共价结合等方式与自行合成的具有聚合诱导荧光效应的AIE化合物相结合，利用石墨烯材料与AIE分子间的电子转移过程消除复合材料自身的荧光信号干扰，制备信背比高的荧光探针分子，实现对肝素及碱式磷酸酶等物质的特异性检测。进一步拓展石墨烯材料的研究内容，在制备荧光探针的改性石墨烯基底时，通过不同金属、非金属纳米颗粒或多元纳米颗粒对石墨烯进行修饰，发现其可高效应用于过氧化物、葡萄糖双效检测、电解水制氢及其他非均相催化领域。本课题研究取得阶段性成果，发表SCI论文6篇、中文核心期刊论文1篇，为二维材料在化学化工、生命科学等领域的实际应用拓展奠定基础。