先进旋转水力空化反应器空化特性及其对外特性影响机制研究

In recent years, with the development of industry and agriculture, the hazardous waste water with poor biodegradability and high toxicity has surged, and the traditional process is difficult to degrade effectively. It is urgent to develop new treatment technologies. Recently, hydrodynamic cavitation technology has shown excellent degradation effects on organic hazardous waste, and has broad prospects. The degradation mechanism and effect of this technology are determined by the cavitation characteristics and external characteristics of hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (HCRs). Recently, the performance of advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (ARHCRs) has made a revolutionary breakthrough compared with traditional HCRs. However, theoretical research lacks reliable numerical simulation and experimental methods, and no research methods based on internal and external characteristics are formed. The mechanism of cavitation characteristics is extremely unclear and limits the development and application of this technology. . In this regard, the project takes the ARHCR as the research object, .(1) establishes the internal complex cavitation flow field LES calculation method based on PIV and cavitation visualization; .(2) studies the change regulation of the cavitation bubble shape and flow field characteristics, clarifies the cavitation induction mechanism and establishes the parametric characterization of internal characteristics;.(3) builds internal and external characteristics mapping relationships based on external characteristic experiments; determines the influence mechanism of the ARHCR structure on the performance characteristics. . As a result, it reveals the mechanism of cavitation characteristics and its external characteristic of the ARHCR; establishes a new mechanism research method; provides a new theoretical support and research method for the study of cavitation characteristics mechanism, ARHCR design and development and engineering application which has great academic research and environmental engineering application value.

随着工农业发展，可生化性差、毒性大的危废污水排放量急速增长，传统工艺难以高效降解，亟需研发新型处理技术。最近，水力空化技术对有机危废展现出优异的降解效果，前景广阔。该技术降解机理与效果均由水力空化反应器的空化特性决定。近来出现的先进旋转反应器性能较传统反应器取得了革命性突破，但机理研究缺乏可靠数值计算和实验手段，也未形成基于内外特性关联的研究方法，空化特性机理极不明确，限制了该技术的发展与应用。对此，本项目以先进旋转反应器为研究对象，基于PIV和空化可视化确立内部复杂空化流场LES计算方法；研究空泡形态变化规律与流场特性，阐明空化诱发机制并确立内特性表征；基于外特性实验构建内、外特性关联；确定反应器结构对性能特性影响机制，最终揭示其空化特性及其对外特性影响机制，形成全新机理研究方法，为研究空化特性机理，反应器设计开发与工程应用提供理论支撑与研究手段，具有较大学术研究意义与环境工程应用价值。

作为新兴过程强化手段之一，水力空化技术效果强，成本低，反应器结构简单，易放大，可高效协同多种物理、化学手段，工业应用前景广阔。水力空化由空化反应器所诱发，其空化特性决定着强化机理与效能。近来出现的旋转反应器展现出远高于文丘里等传统装置的空化强度，已成为研究热点，但其空化机理、装备设计方法、强化机理与调控等方面均亟待突破，制约着该技术的发展。因此，对上述问题开展深入探索与研究对空化过程强化技术的理论发展与工程应用具有重要科学意义与社会、经济价值。.本项目以代表性旋转反应器为研究对象，交叉融合内流流体力学、过程强化与化工装备等学科，基于实验与数值计算重点开展了旋转水力空化反应器空化特性及其对外特性影响机制研究，取得了如下创新性成果：（1）揭示了旋转空化反应器内旋转空化的诱发机制与时空演变规律；（2）明确了反应器全流量转速工况下代表性外特性的变化规律，建立了经验模型；（3）阐明了关键结构参数对反应器性能的影响规律，形成了结构优化设计方法；（4）提出了循环/连续空化处理方法，揭示了旋转空化对有机物、致病菌、剩余活性污泥等污染物的降解/去除机理与生物质基超级电容器用材料的强化活化机理；（5）确立了参数调控策略，初步形成了实验室级-小试级的旋转空化过程强化技术。相关交叉创新成果可为阐明旋转反应器空化机理提供理论支撑，也为空化过程强化技术的发展与未来工业应用提供理论指导与依据。.项目执行期间，先后在化工、声化学顶刊Chem Eng J、Ultrason Sonochem等发表论文17篇（其中，SCI论文15篇、中文卓越期刊EI论文2篇，第一标注论文12篇（3篇先后入选ESI高被引）），发表会议论文4篇；授权国家发明专利6项；作国际会议口头报告2次，作特邀基金进展报告1次，国内会议口头报告2次、分会场主席1次；担任Ultrason Sonochem、Sustainability期刊的空化相关专刊客座编辑；培养博士生1名、硕士生6名（已毕业2人）；依托本项目主持获批NSFC面上项目、NSFC国际合作交流项目（中韩）、“香江学者”计划各1项。