三芳基乙烯衍生物光致变色材料的设计合成及性能研究

Photochromic materials have attracted much attention for their emerging potential applications in security markings, optical memory storage systems, molecular machines and other areas. However, in practical applications the photochromic materials are still restricted by the complex synthetic procedures and poor photochromic properties. Photochromic properties of triarylethylene derivatives could overcome the influence of photoisomerization. In addition, triarylethylene derivatives can easily be modified and functionalized. In this project, we propose to design and synthesize a series of triarylethylene derivatives with simple chemical structures and good photochromic properties. Furthermore, the photochromic properties will be tuned by molecular modification. In addition, the mechanism for the photochroism will also be investigated. Applicable photochromic materials could be selected by trying these materials in security markings, photo-responsive surfaces and other areas. The main feature of this project is aiming to construct a new photochromic system based on triarylethylene derivatives with simple chemical structures. Moreover, the photochromic properties will be tuned and improved by rational molecular modification. In addition, color-fluorescence dual responses may be realized in these photochromic materials which is attributed to the aggregation-induced emission properties of the triarylethylene derivatives. The aim of the whole project is to achieve new photochromic materials with simple structures and good performances.

有机光致变色材料在防伪、信息存储及分子机器等领域具有重要的潜在应用价值，近年来倍受关注。但是目前的有机光致变色材料面临着合成繁琐、性能偏低等诸多问题。三芳基乙烯衍生物结构简单、易于修饰，且能有效避免光异构化对光致变色性能的不良影响。本项目拟设计、合成一系列三芳基乙烯类光致变色材料，通过芳基的改变和取代基的修饰等手段调控其光致变色性质并深入研究其光致变色机理。此外，本项目还拟尝试将这类材料应用于防伪、光控界面等领域，从而筛选出具有应用价值的光致变色材料。本项目的主要特色是：首先，构建基于三芳基乙烯衍生物的光致变色材料新体系；其次，通过分子设计将多种基团引入该体系并调控其各方面性能；再次，利用三芳基乙烯的聚集诱导发光特性，实现光致变色过程中“颜色-荧光双响应”，进一步提高光响应性能。本项目有望通过合理的分子设计获得结构简单、性能优异的新型光致变色材料。

有机光致变色发光材料是一类光刺激响应智能材料，在光学传感、商标防伪和信息存储等方面具有重要的潜在应用。目前，有机光致变色材料的研究主要针对以下几个体系：偶氮苯类化合物、俘精酸酐类化合物、螺吡喃类化合物、二芳基乙烯类化合物。但上述化合物均存在合成困难或光致变色性质不稳定的缺点，本项目系统地设计并合成了三芳基乙烯衍生物光致变色材料。通过芳环改变和修饰基团的引入等分子设计手段得到结构简单、光致变色性能优异、具有“颜色-荧光双响应”性质的新型光致变色材料。经过研究发现，三芳基乙烯能够有效避免光照异构化导致的光致变色性能低下，同时，该体系分子结构简单、易于合成又容易修饰。同时，三芳基乙烯类分子具有聚集诱导发光特性，此类材料可以实现在光照条件下“颜色-荧光双响应”。同时在研究过程中我们还获得了以下结果：通过氢键辅助分子间电荷转移获得了单组分白光发光材料，通过调节分子间C-H···π相互作用力实现了不同的力致发光颜色，以及具有光响应和力致响应性质的改性四苯基衍生物。在本项目的资助下，在Advanced Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, Chemical Science等国际顶级期刊上已经发表期刊论文9篇。申请获得国家发明专利9项。在项目资助期间，培养博士研究生3名，硕士研究生5名，在站博士后2名。参加了国内外学术会议7次，增强了与国内外课题的学术交流。