毒性有机物诱导活性污泥群体感应下的溶解性微生物产物产生特性及调控机制

Soluble microbial products (SMP) is one of main components of organic matter in biological wastewater treatment effluents. The production, composition and characteristics of SMP, which affect the effluents quality, can be changed during toxic compounds existing in industrial wastewater. However, the production and change mechanisms of SMP during toxic compounds existing are not clear yet. In this study, the production and change mechanisms of SMP are investigated during phenol existing. The mechanisms are considered through UAP and BAP fractionation from SMP. BAP production mechanisms are investigated by the relationship of EPS, BAP and quorum sensing, while UAP production mechanisms are revealed by the relationship of UAP, microbial community structure and quorum sensing. The results will not only reveal the production and change mechanisms of SMP during toxic compounds existing, but also provide effective and feasible measures for SMP mediation. This will provide a new approach to SMP mediation and effluents quality improvement in biological wastewater treatment systems.

溶解性微生物产物（SMP）是污水生物处理出水中有机物主要组成部分。在工业废水中毒性有机物影响下，SMP产生量、组成和性质会发生改变，进而影响生物处理出水水质。本项目针对SMP在毒性有机物影响下产生和变化机理尚不明确的现状，以工业废水中频繁出现的苯酚作为典型毒性有机物，从微生物群体感应机制的角度，探究SMP的产生和变化机理。从SMP两类组成UAP和BAP的产生规律分别进行研究：一方面，通过分析胞外聚合物和BAP产生量、组成和性质变化的关系，结合信号分子类型和含量的变化，考察BAP产生和变化与群体感应的关系；另一方面，通过分析群体感应影响下微生物菌群结构的变化，结合UAP变化特点，考察UAP产生和变化与群体感应的关系。综合两方面结果可以进一步揭示苯酚毒性影响下SMP产生和变化的机理，同时提出高效可行的SMP调控策略，为进一步提高生物处理出水水质、保障污水深度处理和回用的安全性提供理论支持。

以明确毒性有机物影响下溶解性微生物产物（SMP）产生和变化机理为目标，系统考察了毒性有机物存在条件下胞外聚合物(EPS)的产生特征，建立EPS和SMP产生和组成变化的关系，发现蛋白的产生受到较大影响；从群体感应角度，建立EPS产生与群体感应信号分子的关系，从蛋白产生的角度得出毒性有机物影响下SMP的产生机制。另一方面，通过高通量分析菌群变化与群体感应相关性，建立菌群变化、群体感应、蛋白产生、SMP变化的相应关系。从而揭示毒性有机物影响下SMP的产生机制。通过群体感应角度进行SMP产生量的调控，发现调控信号分子含量虽然能够影响SMP产生和组成，但是明显影响毒性有机物降解效果。针对石化生产过程中产生大量纯氧废气的现状，提出“纯氧曝气调控SMP产生”方法，其原理是通过纯氧曝气提高活性污泥微生物活性，提高SMP再次降解，达到提高含酚石化废水处理效果的目的。