The hyperactivation of autoimmunity and the loss of immune tolerance are main reasons of the damage of biliary epithelial cells(BEC)and cholestasis and final cirrhosis in Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC). As a negatively immunomodulatory signal pathway, programmed death 1(PD-1)and its ligands (PD-L1/L2)may be play an important role in pathogenesis of PBC. It was reported that mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)could upregulate IL-10/PD-1/PD-L1(L2)to enhance the function of regulatory T cells(Tregs)and suppress the proliferation of active T lymphocytes and the damage to BEC. We found that the biochemical markers were ameliorated, the percentage of CD8+ T cells and the serum level of IL-10 were reduced, and Tregs were increased in UDCA-resistant PBC patients by BM-MSC transplantation. The mechanism was not clear and need to be further studied. The objective of this research is to elucidate the complicated relationships of MSC with IL-10 and CD8+T cells, Tregs, BEC from PBC patients, then to investigate whether and how MSC negatively regulated the immunity of PBC by IL-10/PD-1/PD-L1(L2)pathway. This research may help to explicit the immunoregulatory role of MSC in PBC and improve the recognition of pathogenesis of PBC. It will be the experimental basis of new optional treatment to UDCA-resistant refractory PBC patients.
自身免疫异常激活和免疫耐受缺失是原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)胆管上皮细胞(BEC)破坏、胆汁淤积和肝硬化的主要原因;程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)及其配体(PD-L1/L2)作为重要的免疫负调节信号,在PBC发病机制中可能起一定作用;间充质干细胞(MSC)可通过IL-10/PD-1/ PD-L1(L2)通路增强调节性T细胞(Tregs)功能、抑制效应性T细胞增殖和破坏BEC。我们初步研究发现MSC移植可使熊去氧胆酸应答不良的难治型PBC患者生化缓解,IL-10、Tregs上调及CD8+T细胞下调,但治疗机制不明。本课题主要研究MSC及其分泌的IL-10与PBC患者CD8+T细胞、Tregs、BEC等细胞的相互作用,探讨MSC免疫负调节作用是否通过调控IL-10/PD-1/PD-L1(L2)表达来完成,明确MSC治疗PBC的免疫调节机制,为寻找治疗难治型PBC的新靶点打下基础。
原发性胆汁性肝硬化/胆管炎(PBC)是一种以肝脏为主要靶器官的慢性自身免疫性疾病,最终导致肝硬化。其发病机制不明,CD8+ T细胞介导的胆管上皮细胞(BEC)损伤在发病机制中起重要作用。程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)及其配体(PD-Ls)是重要的免疫负调节通路,在PBC发病中作用不明。本研究主要通过体内、外试验,探讨PD-1/PD-L1通路在PBC发病机制中的作用。. 研究发现,PBC患者外周血CD8+ T细胞PD-1表达(12.0±8.8%)比健康对照(19.9±12.5%)降低(p < 0.001),PBC患者Treg细胞比例(5.6±3.7%)较健康对照(7.4±2.4%)下降(p = 0.005),且PD-1+ 细胞占FoxP3+ CD4+ T细胞比例显著升高(29.9±11.8% v.s.25.8±8.1%, p = 0.044)。PBC 组血浆IL-10、INF-γ、TGF-β 浓度高于健康对照。PBC较健康对照组CD8+ T细胞Tbet基因表达量升高。肝脏免疫荧光共定位发现,PBC组肝脏内PD-L1阳性细胞较少,未见BEC与PD-L1双阳性细胞。在与HiBEC共培养体系中,PD-1+ CD8+ T细胞的细胞毒杀伤能力弱,增殖下降,且靶细胞凋亡相对较少,这种效应在一定程度上可被抗PD-1抗体拮抗,在PD-L1促进下增强。经MSC治疗后,PBC患者外周血CD8+ T细胞表面PD-1表达变化差异无统计学意义(p > 0.05)。. 基于上述结果,推测PBC发病机制中,PD-1上游核内转录因子Tbet表达上调,抑制了PD-1在CD8+ T细胞表面的表达,而BEC表面PD-L1表达下调。在IL-10、INF-γ、TGF-β等细胞因子的相互作用下,PD-1/PD-L1通路沉默,低PD-1表达的CD8+ T细胞增殖增多、细胞毒性功能增强,负调节的Treg细胞减少,引起对肝内BEC杀伤作用。. 研究为深入了解PBC发病机制做出了贡献。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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