二茂铁基树枝状键合型高分子的合成及其燃速催化性能的研究

Burning-rate catalyst is one of the most important components of the propellants for rockets. Ferrocene-based small molecules and macromolecules are main burning-rate catalysts for practical application. However ferrocene-based small molecules have serious migration problems for their low molecule weight, while ferrocene-based macromolecules also have obvious migration phenomenon for the lack of bondable points with the propellants in spite of their high molecule weight. The burning-rate catalyst migration will lead to its uneven distribution and result in the failure of propellants. In this project, series of novel dendritic bondable ferrocene-based macromolecules with many bondable points which can form hydrogen-bonding with the propellants will be synthesized. The novel dendritic bondable ferrocene-based macromolecules will inhibit the migration efficiently. The relationships among the structures, anti-migration property and burning-rate catalysis property will be studied. The achievements of the project will contribute to the novel synthesis theory, synthesis methods and synthesis strategies of dendritic bondable ferrocene-based macromolecules. It also can supply novel optional materials for novel burning-rate catalysts of the propellants. The proprietary intellectual property rights will be protected by patents. The results of the project are of great importance for the synthesis of novel dendritic bondable ferrocene-based macromolecules and their application in burning-rate catalysts of the propellant.

燃速催化剂是火箭发射推进剂中最关键的组份之一，二茂铁基小分子化合物和二茂铁基高分子是主要实际应用的燃速催化剂，但前者因分子量小而存在严重迁移问题，后者虽然分子量大，但其和推进剂的键合位点少，也存在着明显的迁移问题，迁移造成催化剂在推进剂中分布不均，从而使推进剂失效。本申请拟合成系列新型分子量较大且有众多能和推进剂形成氢键键合位点的二茂铁基树枝状键合型高分子，从而大大抑制迁移的发生，使推进剂有较长的储存期；研究二茂铁基树枝状键合型高分子的结构和抗迁移性能及燃速催化性能的关系。在理论上，探索合成系列新型二茂铁基树枝状键合型高分子，丰富金属有机高分子合成的基础理论；在应用上，为火箭发射用燃速催化剂提供可选择的新材料，形成我国自己的专利，使我国在该领域的国际竞争中占有一席之地。本项目若有所建树对推进新型二茂铁树枝状键合型高分子的合成及作为火箭发射用新型燃速催化剂的应用具有重要的意义。

燃速催化剂是火箭固体推进剂中最关键的组份之一，二茂铁基小分子化合物和二茂铁基高分子是主要实际应用的燃速催化剂，但前者因分子量小而存在严重迁移问题，后者虽然分子量大，但其和推进剂的键合位点少，也存在着明显的迁移问题，迁移造成催化剂在推进剂中分布不均，从而使推进剂失效。研究新型抗迁移燃速催化剂具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。.本项目合成了系列不同组成和结构的二茂铁基树枝状及超支化等键合型小分子和高分子；揭示了二茂铁基树枝状及超支化等键合型高分子结构对其燃速催化性能和抗迁移性能的影响规律和影响机理；探索了二茂铁基树枝状及超支化等键合型高分子用作推进剂燃速催化剂的可能性，为实际应用提供基础数据；发表了SCI收录论文12篇；出版了专著1本；申请了发明专利2项；培养了研究生7名。.本项目紧跟国际研究的最新动向，本项目的研究成果对于丰富二茂铁基化合物及聚合物的合成理论具有重要的学术意义，对于促进新型二茂铁基燃速催化剂走向应用具有重要的实际意义。