锌沸腾焙烧余热发电过程的燃煤锅炉工况高效迁移方法

Waste heat power generation is an important way of developing circular economy for zinc smelting company, and the stability of the main steam parameter adapted to grid load has great effect on the power quality. However, the frequent fluctuations occurred caused by unstable waste heat, resulting in the working condition fluctuation and excessive consumptions of time and energy during adjusting the operational parameters of coal-fired boilers with manual experiences. For stabilizing the working conditions of coal-fired boiler, an efficient working conditions transition method is present in this project. Firstly, a time-correlation dynamic model of coal-fired boiler is developed to reveal the relationship between dynamic responses and different adjustments. Then a transition trajectory-based comprehensive evaluation method is present to quantify the dynamic performance of transition procedure. And a fixed start-end-point but no-fixed step time and number operation sequence optimization method is developed to optimize the optimal operational scheme with optimal working condition transition performance. So that, the systematic control theory and method for stabilizing the working conditions of coal-fired boiled will be constructed, which will provide the significantly benefit for stabilizing the main steam parameters, improving the power quality and saving energy consumption.

锌沸腾焙烧余热发电是炼锌企业发展循环经济的重要途径，与电网负荷相适应的主蒸汽参数稳定与否是发电品质优劣的直观反映。然而，余热多变引起主蒸汽参数频繁波动，燃煤锅炉辅助补偿热能的人工经验操作方式常导致波动大、时间长、能耗高等问题。本项目从工况稳定化控制角度，研究燃煤锅炉工况高效迁移方法，主要包括：构建燃煤锅炉时效关联动态模型，揭示不同操作对工况动态变化控制作用的关联性；提出基于迁移路径的工况迁移代价综合评估方法，定量化描述迁移过程的动态品质；提出端点受限的非定步长、非定步数操作序列发现方法，求解迁移性能最优的操作方案，形成燃煤锅炉工况稳定化控制理论与方法，对稳定主蒸汽参数、改善发电品质和提高节能降耗水平具有重要意义。

本项目以燃煤锅炉辅助补偿热能的锌沸腾焙烧余热发电过程为背景，针对余热多变引起最优稳态工作点频繁变化的问题，从工况波动下的稳定化控制思想出发，开展燃煤锅炉工况高效迁移方法研究，获取使工况迁移过程最优的操作参数调整规则，实现余热发电企业的节能减排目标。. 项目在突破工况迁移代价一致性估算等关键科学问题的基础上，重点围绕工程实际中面临的操作调整盲目化、环境干扰严重等技术难题，着重探索了多理论、多方法融合的稳定化控制方法，研究了多模型融合的动态系统建模、工况波动下燃煤锅炉汽包水位的模糊化控制、工艺指标类型多样化的一致性评估指标设计、具有自由终端时间的非线性时滞过程优化算法设计、数据采集系统脉冲干扰抑制等方法，形成了体系相对完整的、有效和可供工程实际应用的工况高效迁移方法，推动了控制理论在新领域中的进一步发展。. 项目研究期间，项目组成员共发表论文11篇，其中SCI收录5篇、EI收录6篇，会议论文4篇。共申请专利7项，授权2项。项目组成员承担的“余热锅炉与工业锅炉发电协调优化运行与管理控制关键技术及应用”成果获2017年度湖南省科技进步三等奖。培养湖南省普通高校青年骨干教师1人，研究生5人，形成了一支具有一定水平的科学研究队伍和相对稳定的研究方向。