檀香吸器发生及其与寄主植物互作机制研究

Santalum album is a green tree in Santalaceae, known as "Green and Gold tree". It is highly valued due to its aromatic heartwood, which contains sandal oil used in perfumes, cosmetics, medicine, aromatherapy, and recently in the prevention of skin cancer. It is a partially parasitic tree that obtains some of its water and simple nutrients by tapping into other plants through the formation of a highly specialized organ called haustorium. To date, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in haustorium formation and the underlying interaction between parasite and the host. In our previous study, we found that genes encoding nodulin proteins related and GRAS TFs were highly expressed during haustorium ontogeny in S. album, and enzymes associated with cell wall metabolism may play an important role in the interaction of haustoria and the host. In this project, the mechanisms involved in haustorium ontogeny and the interaction between the parasite and the host will be studied based on plant cyctology,molecular biology, plant physiology, soil microbiology, combined with transcriptomic and proteomic methods and technology. The aim of this study to obtain original research and elucidate the hemi-parasitic mechanisms of S. album, but also offer the basic theories in propagation in vitro, host assembly, and cultivate for S. album and its relative species. It also has important significance in developing Sandalwood industry.

檀香（Santalum album L.）为檀香科常绿乔木，素有"绿色黄金"之称。檀香木在雕刻、中药、香水、香料、香熏等方面具有广泛的用途，发展檀香产业可获得比其它林木更高的经济收益。但由于檀香为半寄生植物，目前，对吸器发生及其与寄主植物的互作机制仍不清楚。我们的前期研究表明：在吸器个体发生中结瘤素蛋白（nodulin protein）与转录因子GRAS基因高度表达；细胞壁代谢相关酶在吸器与寄主植物互作中可能扮演重要的角色。本项目拟应用植物细胞学、分子生物学、植物生理学、土壤微生物学，结合组学的研究方法与手段，研究檀香根吸器发生及其与寄主植物的互作机制，全面解析檀香的半寄生机制。通过本项目的实施不仅在檀香半寄生机制的基础研究方面会有所突破，获得原创性的研究成果，研究结果对我国发展檀香种源的无性繁殖栽培、寄主的配置、培育及发展檀香产业具有重要意义。

檀香（Santalum album L.）为檀香科常绿乔木，素有“绿色黄金”之称。檀香木在雕刻、中药、香水、香料、香熏等方面具有广泛的用途，发展檀香产业可获得比其它林木更高的经济收益。但由于檀香为半寄生植物，目前，对吸器发生及其与寄主植物的互作机制仍不清楚。本项目深入系统的研究檀香吸器发生，以及檀香与寄主植物互作过程中吸器细胞结构特征、吸器与寄主植物互作从基因表达的调控网络。结果表明：檀香与优良寄主植物间是一种互相兼容性互作，而檀香与非寄主植物间是一种拮抗的互作，在兼容性互作中，发现檀香吸器细胞与寄主跟组织细胞间发生粘连与融合，细胞器或亚细胞器往来穿梭，推测，檀香与寄主植物间可能存在基因水平转移；转录组数据分析表明：细胞壁代谢，能量代谢，蛋白代谢等为檀香与寄主植物的互作过程中的主要代谢路径；植物激素相关的基因大量表达，同时也鉴定了一些檀香吸器发生以及檀香与寄主间互作的可能基因，这些研究结果为进一步探讨檀香与寄主植物互作的分子机制提供理论基础。本项目研究结果与已结题国家自然科学青年基金项目的研究结果进行整合，全面系统的了解檀香的半寄生机制。研究结果对我国发展檀香种源的无性繁殖栽培、寄主的配置、培育及发展檀香产业具有重要意义。