金属纳米粒子增强荧光机理及其在痕量抗生素分析中的应用研究

Based on the working foundation of our research group, a 'Green' method would be proposed to make various kinds of nanoparticles with different size, appearance and core-shell structure. And the method could also be applied to the research of metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) effect in liquid phase, and that may expand the research area of nano-metal enhanced fluorescence. Meanwhile, the methods for controlling MEF, such as control distance on nanometer scale, as well as the mechanism related to MEF in liquid phase would be studied. On the basis of the above work, some applicable metal nanoparticles could be filtered out for studying the fluorescence behaviors of typical antibiotics in water, and then a novel method of fluorescence analysis on typical antibiotics in water might be established. That might provide new methods and ideas to the research of trace antibiotics in water, and that might promote the infiltration among molecular luminescence and other related disciplines. As a result, the level of research in related filed might be promoted. If our project could get funding, the research of MEF luminescence mechanism might be carried forward. With the advancement of mechanism research, the application research might also progress accordingly. Combined with regular fluorescence analysis methods, our proposed methods might achieve a breakthrough on the fluorescence mechanism and application research of our methods. Just like the metal-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and nonlinear scattering technologies, MEF method might become another new rapid developing technology.

在课题组已获得的工作基础上，采用"绿色"方法制备不同尺寸、形貌及不同核壳结构的金属纳米粒子，并将其应用于液相中金属增强荧光（MEF）效应的研究中，进一步拓展纳米金属增强荧光的研究领域。同时采用在纳米尺度上控制距离等方法对MEF进行调控，开展液相中MEF相关机理的研究。在上述工作的基础上，筛选出合适的金属纳米粒子，将其应用于水体中抗生素的荧光行为研究，进而建立水体中典型抗生素的荧光分析新方法，为实际水环境中痕量抗生素的相关研究提供新的方法和研究思路，推动分子发光与相关学科的交叉渗透，提升相关领域的研究水平。若本项目能够得到资助必将使MEF发光机理的研究推向一个新的高度，而相关机理研究的深入，必将推动其应用研究迈上一个新的台阶。与各种常规荧光分析方法相结合，有可能实现荧光机理研究与方法应用研究的突破，使MEF法成为继金属增强拉曼光谱、非线性散射技术后得以迅速发展的新技术方法。

在课题组已获得的工作基础上，对已有的方法进行改进从而进行相关研究。首先，通过液相还原法建立了2种制备银纳米粒子的“绿色”方法。方法一：以银氨溶液为原料，葡萄糖为还原剂，β-环糊精为保护剂，粒径平均为34 nm左右；方法二：以银氨溶液为原料，柠檬酸钠为还原剂，β-环糊精为保护剂，粒径平均为45 nm左右。实验结果表明，2种银溶胶在常温、不避光条件下可以稳定保存两个月以上，而不会发生银纳米粒子的团聚现象。此法所用到的原料及保护剂对环境都不会造成污染，同时产物经合理的回收之后也不会产生二次污染；其次，分别将2种银纳米粒子应用于液相中金属增强荧光（MEF）效应的研究中，开展液相中MEF相关机理的研究，进一步拓展纳米金属增强荧光的研究领域。再次，在上述工作的基础上，分别将2种银纳米粒子应用于水体中9种典型喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素的荧光行为研究，并探讨了可能的荧光增敏或猝灭机理，进而建立了水体中9种典型抗生素的荧光分析新方法，最后，将所建的方法应用于实际药品中典型喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素的测定，为实际水环境中痕量抗生素的相关研究提供了新的方法和研究思路，推动分子发光与相关学科的交叉渗透，提升相关领域的研究水平，将MEF 发光机理的研究推向一个新的高度。