含氮超支化聚合物的结构与荧光性质研究

Fluorescent materials have been widely used in many biomedical fields, such as fluorescent probes, controlled releasing, bacteria detection etc. The problems are that the light stability of the organic dyes is poor and the quantum dots being used are toxic, poor water-solubility and bio-compatibility, which make them not suitable for long-term application in organism. It is of great value to find new fluorescent materials more suitable in organism. Some dendrimers or hyperbranched polymers with tertiary amine in their backbone do not contain the traditional chromophore, but are self-fluorescent. It indicates that the fluorescent mechanism of these polymers is totally different from the conjugated polymers bearing aromatic groups. However, there are few reports relative to that topic. In this project, we try to design and synthesize fluorescent hyperbranched polymers bearing tertiary amine with different structures and investigate the fluorescent properties. That is, we try to explore the relationship between the fluorescent properties and structure of the polymers. Besides, we will investigate the influences of the end-groups, the solution property and the pH value on the fluorescent properties of the polymers. The objective is try to explore the fluorescent mechanism and to improve the quantum yield of the polymers. Because this kind of hyperbranched polymers have good bio-compatibility and bio-reducibility, the investigation on the fluorescent mechanism will pave the way to develop more desirable fluorescent materials for biological and medical science.

荧光材料在荧光探针、药物缓释、细菌检测等生物学领域已经广泛应用，但是目前使用的小分子荧光染料光稳定性差，而量子点毒性较高、水溶性和生物相容性差，难以在生物体内长期使用，因此寻找更合适的生物用荧光材料是一个很有吸引力的课题。一些具有三级胺或酰胺结构的树枝状或超支化聚合物化学结构中没有传统的荧光发色团，却能够自发荧光，说明它们的发光机理与含芳香族的共轭聚合物完全不同，而相关的研究报道极少。在本课题中我们希望设计并合成具有不同结构的含氮荧光超支化聚合物，对它们的荧光性质进行研究，探索聚合物结构与荧光性质之间的关系。另外，我们还将研究聚合物末端基团、溶剂、pH值等对荧光性质的影响，希望达到探索聚合物的发光机理，提高聚合物的荧光量子产率的目的。由于这类超支化聚合物具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性，对它们发光原因的研究有希望为生命科学提供更理想的荧光材料。

荧光材料在荧光探针、药物缓释、细菌检测等生物学领域已经广泛应用，但是目前使用的小分子荧光染料光稳定性差，而量子点毒性较高、水溶性和生物相容性差，难以在生物体内长期使用，因此寻找更合适的生物用荧光材料是一个很有吸引力的课题。一些具有三级胺或酰胺结构的树枝状或超支化聚合物化学结构中没有传统的荧光发色团，却能够自发荧光，具有良好的生物相容性。我们在本课题中设计并合成具有不同结构的含氮荧光超支化聚合物，对它们的荧光性质进行研究，并尝试将超支化聚合物应用于多功能仿生复合材料研究方面，具体包括高性能的仿贝壳结构材料以及导电自修复材料。